E X P T. A N A T I O N () F P I. A T K \ X X I X . 



ToOIS OK THK AhHOW-MaKK.K. 



This plate shows the tools of the arrow-maker. 



Fig. 1. Shaft stkaightknek. The example tioiired is from the Hupa (Athapascan) 

 tribe of California. It is a piece of yew ten inches long, spindle-shaped 

 and having an oblong hole through the middle. The arrow shaft is drawn 

 through the hole and straightened by pressure on the ends of the tool. 



Fig. 2. The Gluk stick, which is simply a bit of wood having one end covered with 

 glue, used like a tinner's soldering iron. 



Figs. 3 and 4. Akkowhead chippers. Showing |the primitive method of joining 

 the working parts to the handle. One point is a bit of bone, the other a 

 rod of soft iron, which in this example replaces one of bone or antler. 



Fig. 5. The Pitching tool. A column of antler used like a cold chisel in knocking 

 oS' spalls or flakes or blades by means of some kind of hammer. 



Figs. 6 and 7. Rasping and polishing stones. All the American tribes used coarse 

 sandstone for wood rasps, and in the making of arrow shafts cut grooves in 

 the rasp to give rotundity to the wood. The polishing was done with finer 

 sandstone, shagreen, siliceous grass, etc. 



Fi«i. S. Glue shell. An implement made of muscle shell woru over the finger and 

 employed in smoothing down glue and sinew on bows and arrows. 



Fig. 9. Saw. In this example an old case knife blade, hacked on the edge. In 

 primitive times wood saws were made of chipped siliceous stone. 



