56 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 195 6 



content of the White Rock Focus and its relation to the western ex- 

 tension of the Oneota Aspect. 



A total of 15 parties were in the field during fiscal 1956, 7 in the 

 1955 season, and 8 in the 1956 season, investigating archeological 

 remains in 8 reservoirs. They conducted excavations at 24 sites, 

 tested over 40 sites, and examined the surfaces of nearly 100 sites. 

 Each field party consisted of a crew chief and from 6 to 10 crewmen. 

 Bulldozers and other heavy equipment, supplied through the courtesy 

 of the Lytle-Green Construction Company and the Corps of Engi- 

 neers, were used at some sites in order to expedite investigations. At 

 all reservoir projects the complete cooperation of the Corps of Engi- 

 neers and the Bureau of Reclamation personnel was always willingly 

 given. 



On May 14 three members of this staff joined Dr. Dwight R. Cran- 

 dell of the U. S. Geological Survey, Denver office, on an archeological- 

 geological field trip to the areas of the Oahe, Big Bend, and Fort 

 Randall Reservoirs in South Dakota. The party was in the field for 

 seven days, examining Pleistocene and early Recent geological de- 

 posits and fossil soils. The principal purpose of the trip was to 

 instruct members of the River Basin Surveys staff how to recognize 

 possible localities where archeological deposits of Early Man mate- 

 rial or other pre-pottery cultural remains might be found. The 

 results of the trip, while negative from the standpoint of actually 

 finding such sites, provided this office with a great deal of informa- 

 tion as to where and how to search for such material in the future 

 and what might be expected in specific localities. The three members 

 of this staff who accompanied Dr. Crandell were Richard P. Wheeler, 

 G. Hubert Smith, and Lee G. Madison. Dr. Crandell's participation 

 in the project was arranged through the cooperation of Dr. Wilmot 

 H. Bradley, Chief, Geologic Division of the Geological Survey. 



While fieldwork during the fiscal year was devoted to phases 1 and 

 2 (survey and excavation) of the salvage program, laboratory and 

 office activities were devoted to phases 3 and 4 (analysis and report- 

 ing). During the time the archeologists were not in the field they 

 were engaged in analyses of their materials and in laboratory and 

 library research. They also prepared manuscripts of technical scien- 

 tific reports and wrote articles and papers of a more popular nature. 

 The laboratory and office staff devoted its time to processing specimen 

 materials for study, photographing specimens and preparing speci- 

 men records, and typing and filing records and manuscript materials. 

 The accomplishments of the laboratory and office staff are listed in 

 the following tables. 



