ARCHEOLOGICAL RESEARCHES IN ARGENTINA AND BOLIVIA. 579 



wooden liandlcs. are common enough among the finds in graves in 

 the Puna and neighljoring districts. This is the fii'st time tliey Iiave 

 ever been discovered with tlieir wooden liandles still attached to them. 

 There is nothing to show that the handle was bound on with thread or 

 was incased in leather; hence one nnist assume that the c()p})er im- 

 l)lement retained its place in the handle by reason of the pressure of 

 the hand holding it. It is my opinion that these implements were 

 used in cutting out leather. 



Before drawing this account to a close, I desire to make mention 

 of a dwelling j^lace that I came upon at Tolomosa, (piite close to 

 Tarija, in Bolivia. This dwelling place was far larger, both in 

 extent and in wealth of relics of the past, than any of those I have 

 previously described, and derives, moreover, a special interest from 

 the fact that nothing as regards the archeology of that neighbor- 

 hood was known before. Owing to the loose nature of the soil, 

 however, and to the tropical rains, all the remains of foundation 

 walls, etc., had been destroyed. The picture of plate vi and on plate 

 VII, figure 1, show liow the ground, by reason of its loose consistency,' 

 has been scored and furrowed by the rain, so as to produce the most 

 marvelous shapes and hgures in its surface. The ground, however,' 

 there was dotted almost all over, for an area of upward of a square 

 kilometer, with splinters of pottery, ai'rowheads, s])indle whorls, 

 ornaments, copper im})]enients, etc., Avhile here and there the rain 

 had partially uncovered urns, which it was then possil)le to dig out 

 of the soil that still encom})assed them. To give an idea of the 

 abundance of relics with which the ground around this dwelling 

 place was strewn, I may mention that, among other things, I found 

 upward of H,000 artistically beaten arrowheads (i)l. x, figs. 1 to 5, 

 7 to i), V2, 15, and 17) of almost every type, made of flint, obsidian, 

 chalcedony, and rock crystal, and upward of 500 spindle whorls of 

 stone of '24: distinct main ty[)es (pi. x, figs. 14, IC), and IS). Further 

 urns of the tyyn' which is characteristic of this locality (j)l. viii, fig. 

 1). An urn of an approximately similar ap})earance is figured in 

 Doctor Lehmann-Nitsche's catalogue of the finds in the Puna." 



Some other clay vessels of different types were also found. One 

 who is figured on plate viii, figure 2, is of a shape that is very com- 

 mon in Peru. Among other finds, I may mention nu)rtars of stone, 

 a grinding stone with two handles, stone rings, in some cases evi- 

 dently used as club heads. Further, some pendants in the sha])e of 

 animal figures (see pi. x, figs. 11, 1?>), a rattlesnake carved in bone 

 (pi. x, fig. ()), and i)hallus-like pendants of stone (pi. x, fig. 10) 

 and burnt clay. A feAv specimens of copper ware — such as rings 



o Lehuiaini-Nitsohe. Catalogo do las Antigiiedades de la Provincia de Jujiiy. 

 La Plata 1!)0:3. Lam. IV, G, G, 



