62 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 



sketching of Zuni dances and ceremonials as they happened to occur, 

 adding to his vocabularies and memoranda on the sociologic system of 

 the tribe, their ceramic-art decorations, and mythology. On the 5th of 

 November he went to the Moki towns to assist, in concert with J. Stanly 

 Brown, esq., in the collecting of ethnologic specimens therefrom. On 

 nearing Ream's Canon, the point of rendezvous, it was determined ad- 

 visable that he should make a visit of reconnaissance to Oraibe. Near- 

 ing Walpi, he was driven in by a severe snow storm, but he had the 

 good fortune to meet there a visiting chief from Oraibe. With him he 

 consulted and negotiated, making him the messenger of his arrange- 

 ments for trading with the tribe in question. He then returned to 

 Keam's Canon. 



Pending the arrival of goods at Moki, Mr. Cushing returned across 

 the country to Zuni, for the purpose of observing more minutely than 

 on former occasions the annual sun ceremonials. En route he dis- 

 covered two ruins, apparently before unvisited. 



One of these was the outlying structure of Khi'4-Km, called by the 

 Navajos Z'inni-jin'ne, and by the Zunis He'-sho'ta pathl-tdie, both, ac- 

 cording to Zuni tradition, belonging to the Thlee-td-lace, the name giv^en 

 to the traditional northwestern migration of the Bear, Crane, Frog, 

 Deer, Yellow-wood, and other gentes of the ancestral pueblos. 



It is a two-story structure, of selected red sandstone slabs, around the 

 base and over the summit of a huge outcropping bowlder, and is nearly 

 intact, most of the floor of the second story, roof, lintels, etc., still being 

 in good state of preservation. It is situated in the mouth of one of the 

 arms of K'm-i-k6el, or " Dead Run " Canon, 25 miles northwest of the 

 station of Navajo Springs, on the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad. In 

 the ground-room of this structure, leaning against a trap opening in 

 the floor of the second story, were found the poles of a primitive ladder, 

 notched with stone instruments at regular intervals on the correspond- 

 ing sides. To the lower portion of the poles was bound with yucca 

 fiber a much -decayed round, still complete, but too feebly attached to 

 allow of disturbance. The structure details of the rooms of the second 

 story were noteworthy features, indicating the relationship of the build- 

 ing with the ruin of K'in-i-k6el, and thus, in a measure, confirming the 

 Zuni tradition. 



As soon as the ceremonials of the sun had been completed, Mr. Cush- 

 ing again set out, with Nanahe (a Zuni of Moki nativity) as interpreter, 

 for Moki, via Holbrook, Ariz., and proceeded with Victor Mindeleff, 

 e sq., and his expedition to Oraibe on the 19th of December. On ac- 

 count of the unfavorable attitude of the natives, it was determined that 

 further efforts would prove comparatively fruitless of results ; hence the 

 expedition proceeded from Oraibe to an encampment near the mesa of 

 the two Moki towns, Mi-shong-i-ni-vi and Shipaui-li-vi. Here Mr. 

 Cushing superintended the collecting of more than twelve hundred 

 specimens, at the same time noting several examples of Moki folk-lore 



