BOTANY. 691 



Laminariea, in which, among other things, are descriptions of several 

 iorms from the Pacific coast of the United States. The memoirs of the 

 zoological station of Naples include an illustrated monograph of the 

 Cystoseirce of the Bay of Naples by Valiante, who, in addition to the 

 descriptive part, gives an account of the development of the conceptacle 

 in the genus. He differs from Bowers in thinking that the conceptacles 

 are not developed from the depressions which bear the hairs, as was 

 said by Bowers to be the case in Fucus. The fructification of the 

 Floridece has been studied by Fr. Schmitz, who, in a paper in the Bericht. 

 konigl. ATcad. Wissenschaft. Berlin, gives the results of his special studies 

 of the formation of the cystocarp in different representatives of the 

 order, together with general remarks on the significance of the repro- 

 ductive process in this group of plants. The development of Cutleria 

 adspersa has been studied by Janczewski, who has an illustrated paper 

 on the subject in the Ann. Sci. JS r at., where he also considers the rela- 

 tive position of the Gutleriece to other algae, and describes a new genus, 

 Godleirslia, belonging to the Phycochromacecc. Dr. Max Franke, in 

 Cohn's Beitraege zur Biologie, gives the development of a curious alga, 

 Endoclonium polymorphum, a parasite of Lemna gibba. 



The first part of Borzi's Studi Algologici, which is illustrated with nine 

 quarto plates, is a minute study of several Chlorophycece, five of which 

 are made the types of new genera. Flahault, who has studied the varia- 

 tions of Nostocs, has a paper in the Bull. Soc. Bot. France, with a plate 

 of some of the forms examined by him. He maintains that Nostoe fa- 

 gelliforme, supposed to be peculiar to Texas, is only a form to the old N. 

 commune, and he has found the same form in France. Under the title 

 Zur Morphologic der Cyanophyceen, Ed. Tangl describes a new genus, 

 which he calls Plaxonema, related to Oscillaria, and gives an account of 

 some stages of its development. In the Bot. Zeitung Hansgirg explains 

 the motions of Oscillaria! by a difference in the turgescence of the cells 

 at the two extremities of the filaments, and does not accept the state- 

 ment of Englemann tflat the motion is caused by a protoplasmic exu- 

 dation. Wille, in a paper in Bericht. Beutsch. Bot. Gesell., states that he 

 has seen a nucleus in Tolypothrix lanata, which undoubtedly belongs to 

 the Phycochromacece, an order in which it was very doubtful whether a 

 nucleus existed. In the Bericht. Beutsch. Bot. Gesell. Zopf has a paper 

 on the development of Tolypothrix amphibica, which he claims supports 

 his view of the variability of the Phycochromacea!. 



The most extensive work which has appeared during the year relat- 

 ing to local floras is Ardissoue's Phycologia Mediterranea, in the memoirs 

 of the Soc. Critt. Ital. It is a large octavo of five hundred pages, with 

 very full synonymy and notes of the Italian Floridew. Thepartof Rabeu- 

 horst's Kryptogamenjlora edited by Hauck has been continued through 

 the remainder of the Florideai and the Fhwosporece. Cooke's British 

 Fresh- Water Algce has been continued through part 0, comprising Chloro- 

 sporece, Vaucheria, and (Fdogonium. New British alg» have also been 



