COMPARATIVE PHONOLOGY OF FOUR SIOUAN LANGUAGES. 927 

 Table III.— Sound Shifting— Continued. 



Notes on Table III. 



In the xJ>i'"' ere column, "I." stands for "Iowa dialect," "Ot."for "Oto dialect," 

 and "H." for Rev. Win. Hamilton, formerly missionary to the Iowas. In the Ho- 

 tcangara column, "Alexander" stands for Jas. Alexander, a full-hlood Winnebago, the 

 writer's principal authority. 



No. 1. The Santee "md" is now written "bd" by some of the missionaries. Its 

 Tetou equivalent is "bl." Mda (bda, bla), verbal root, separated, as layers or slices. — 

 2. mda, bla, fragment-pronoun, first singular of verbs in ya. — 3. b<£acka, applied to a 

 dish, &c, that is low and spreads out, with a rim not on a level with the bottom. — 

 4. mdaya, level, spread out. — 5. mdaska, flat, as hoards; in Kansas and Osage, a dis- 

 tinction is made between blaska (d( f k aska), flat, as the edge of a hoard, and blak'a 

 (d^ak'a), flat, as the wide surface or side of a board. — 6. mdaza, ripped or torn open. — 7. 

 mdaja, straddling. — S. b^axe, wider at one end than at the other. — 9. mda, / go. — 10. 

 The first syllable iu Nos. 11-15. — 11. b{;eda n , thin.— 12. Ditto.— 13. pemni, twisted. — 14. 

 A pelican. — 15. Intelligent. — 16. The first syllable in Nos. 17 and 18. — 17. omdoto 11 , cor- 

 nered, having corners; but W-uga, circular, all around, the whole. — 18. Having the cor- 

 ners rounded oft'. — 19. Pulverized. — 20. Fragment-pronoun, first singular of verbs in yu 

 (£i, yii, eii, ru, ru). — 21. Spinning around; pushed aside. — 22. Mixed together, as water 

 and grease, or manure and earth; fine, as flour. — 23. To smell, emit an odor. — 24. A 

 crunching sound, as on ice or snow. — 25. Fine, as thread, etc. — 26. Ten. — 27. Turned 

 around, as a gimlet. — 29. Three. — 30. To turn around, as an auger. — 31. Bare, smooth. — 

 32. Fragment-pronoun, second singular of verbs in ya (Va, ya, < l a, ra, ra). — 33. You 

 drink. — 34. You go. — 35. The right (hand, foot, etc.).— 36. Fragment-pronoun, second 

 singular of verbs iu yu (see 20 above). — 37. You draw a mark (such as is on an arrow). — 



