90 



THE ACTINOMYCETES, Vol. II 



a 1 . Aerial mycelium white. 



a 2 . Saprophytes, Living on dead 

 material. 



Actinomyces albus 

 b 2 . Parasites, living on plants. 

 Actinomyces totschidlowskii 

 b 1 . Aerial mycelium dark gray. 



Actinomyces griseus 

 c 1 . Aerial mycelium green. 

 Actinomyces glaucus 



b. Cultures pigmented bine. 



a 1 . Pigment of the anthocyanin type, 

 similar to litmus. 



Actinomyces coelicolor 

 b 1 . Blue pigment not changing with 

 acidity of medium. 



Actinomyces cyaneus 



c. Cultures violet, forming two basic 

 pigments (red and blue), both dis- 

 solved into the substrate. 



a 1 . Cultures not forming any fluores- 

 cent substance in liquid media. 

 Actinomyces violaceus 

 b 1 . Cultures producing in synthetic 

 media a fluorescent substance of 

 blue-green color similar to pyo- 

 cyanin. 



Actinomyces pluricolor 



d. Cultures black-violet, forming red 

 and blue pigments, as well as a brown 

 pigment of the type of melanin, which 

 changes the violet color of 1 he cull ure 

 to violet -black. 



Actinomyces violaceus -niger 



e. Cultures red-colored, producing pig- 

 ments insoluble in water, of the lipo- 

 actinochrome type; color of medium 

 not changing with acidity. 



a 1 . Cultures not forming any brown 

 or black pigments; they arc al 

 ways red, sometimes with a 

 brownish tinge, but not black. 

 Actinomyces ruber 

 b 1 . Cultures producing on synthetic 

 media, in addition to pigments, a 

 black or dark brown substance 

 which gives the culture a red- 

 brown to black color. 



Actinomyces melanocyclus 

 !'. Cultures yellow, citron-yellow, or 

 brownish-yellow. 

 a'. Saprophytes. 



Actinomyces Jim- us 

 b 1 . Living on plants. 



Actinomyces setonii 



g. Cultures orange. 

 a 1 . Saprophytes. 



Actinomyces aurantiacus 

 b 1 . Parasites. 



Actinomyces phenotole reins 

 h. Cultures green or brownish-green. 



.1 ctinomyces viridochromo- 

 genes 

 i. Cultures black, producing a pigment 

 of the melanin type. 



Actinomyces niger 

 j. Cultures pigmented dark brown, but 

 not Mack. 

 a 1 . Saprophytes. 



Actinomyces chromogem s 

 l) 1 . Plant parasites. 



Actinomyces gracilis 

 2. Spores cylindrical or elongated. 



a. Cultures colorless. 



Actinomyces longisporus 



b. Cultures red, sporophores mostly 

 st raight . 



a 1 . Saprophytes. 



Actinomyces longisporus- 



ruber 

 I) 1 . Parasites. 



a 2 . Living in bodies of men and 

 animals. 



Actinomyces spumalis 

 b 2 . Living on plants. 



Actinomyces sal man i color 



c. Cultures orange. 



Actinomyces fradiae 



d. Cultures yellow. 

 a 1 . Saprophytes. 



Actinomyces longisporus- 



flavus 

 b 1 . Parasites living on plants. 

 Actinomyces scabies 



e. Cultures citron-yellow. 



Actinomyces virgatus 



f. Cultures green. 



Actinomyces viridans 



g. Cultures brown or chocolate-colored. 



Actinomyces halstedii 

 h. Cultures black! 



Actinomyces nigrificans 

 II. Sporophores straight or wavy, but not 

 spiral. 



1 , Spores produced by means of fragmenta- 

 tion of plasma within cells, 

 a. Spores spherical or oval. 

 a 1 . Cultures colorless. 



Actinomyces globisporus 



