GROUPS AM) SPECIES OF GENUS STREPTOMY( ES 



101 



a 1 . Sporophores sympodially 



branched. 



27. Si 1 1 jiinm ij, , s viri- 

 dogeni s 



b 1 . Sporophores monopodially 



branched. 



a 2 . Sporophores as side branches 

 of sterile hyphae. 



28. Sin ptomyct s ramu 



Ins IIS 



I)'-'. Sporophores different . 



a 3 . Melanin negative. 



29. Strt plum ii, i s oliva- 

 Ct us 



b 3 . Melanin positive. 



30. Si 1 1 ptomyc< s anti- 

 bioticus 



b. Sporophores in spirals. 

 a 1 . Spirals closed. 



;;i . Sin ptomyct s hygro- 



sinpirus 



b 1 . S|iirals open. 



a 2 . Spirals irregular, usually >5 

 Minis. 



32. Streptomyces nun o 

 faciens 



I) 2 . Spirals regular, < 5 turns. 

 a 3 . Melanin-negal ive. 



33. Shi ptomyct s par- 

 r ii 1 1 us 



Ii 1 . Melanin-positive. 



34. Streptomyces gali- 



I ar IIS 



8. SHINOBU SYSTEM ( L958b) 



Shinobu proposed the following system 

 for grouping of the species of the genus 

 Sin ptomyces: 



Group 1. Monopodial branching, straight or wavy 

 aerial mycelium; never producing spirals. 



Subgroup 1. Tyrosinase reaction: positive; ni- 

 t rite product ion: positive. 

 Sin ptomyces olivact us 

 Subgroup 2. Tyrosinase reaction: positive; 

 nit rite production : aegal ive. 



Si, , ptomyces phaeopurpurt us 

 Subgroup 3. Tyrosinase reaction: negative; 

 nit rite product ion : posit ive. 

 Strt ptomyces sp. No. 2 

 Subgroup I. Tyrosinase reaction: negative; 

 nit rite product ion : negative. 

 Sin ptomyces sp. No. 232 

 Group II. Spiral formation; long or short . loose or 

 compact, and open or closed spirals. 



Subgroup 5. Tyrosinase reaction: positive; 



nit rite product ion : posh ive. 



Shi ptomyct s ' iridochromo- 



IJI III s 



Subgroup 6. Tyrosinase reaction: positive; 



nit rite product ion : negal ive. 

 Sin ptomyi i s -p. No. 2076. 

 Subgroup 7. Tyrosinase reaction: negative; 

 nitrite produd ion : positive. 

 Sin ptomyces -\>. X<>. 236 

 Subgroup 8. Tyrosinase reaction: negative; 

 nit rite product ion : negative. 

 Sin ptomyces scabit s 

 Group III. Verticil formation; primary and 

 secondary verticils; rarely one tertiary verticil 

 (Fig. 29). 

 Subgroup 9. Tyrosinase reaction: positive; 



nil rite product ion : positive. 



Sin filinii i/< i s In fnslii mi nsis 



Subgroup 10. Tyrosinase reaction: positive; 

 nitrite product ion : negal ive. 



Sin ptomya s /"'< overticillatus 



Subgroup 11. Tyrosinase reaction: negative; 

 nit rite production : posit ive. 



Si 1 1 ptomyct s nisi mi 1 1 Hillii 



Ins 



Subgroup !'-. Tyrosinase reaction: negative; 

 nit rite product ion : negative. 



Sin ptomyct s nl 1 1 ,,, i i In illnlus 



( rroup IV. [ntermediate group of Nitella type and 



Anitella t vpe verticil. 

 Subgroup 13. 



Streptomyct s spiroverticillatus 



Shinobu further emphasized thai in ili<' 

 Idenl ilicat ion of species of Strt ptomya s o\ her 

 characteristics should be considered. These 

 are the following: 



1. Morphological properties: type of colony, 

 shape of spiral, etc. 



2. Physiological properties: cellulase, man 

 nase, and amylase reactions; utilization of carbon 



and nil rogen sources, etc. 



3. Cultural properties: growth of colony, pro 



duct ion of pigment , etc. 



9. FROMMEE SYSTEM I L959 



This system does not apply to iln' genus 

 Streptomyces as a whole bul only to the 

 ael Lnomycin-producing species. 



A. ( ihromogenic group. 



I. Spirals not forme. I on aerial mycelium. 

 ( Occasionally a few spirals are found. 



