GROUPS AND SPECIES OF GENUS STREPTOMYCES 



L05 



a. Spirals long, extended to compact. 



S coelicolor, S. albogriseolus, S. fla 

 its, S. parvullus 

 I). Spirals compact to compressed. None 

 found. 

 2. Spirals dexl rorse. 



a. Spirals Long, extended to compact. 



S. viridochromogeru s 



b. Spirals compacl to compressed. 



Stn ptomya s sp. No. L89 

 B. Most aerial hyphae long, straigh.1 or slightlj 

 flexuous. They do not sporulate, l>ut give rise 

 to short side branches whose terminal filaments 

 develop into spiral shaped sporophores. 

 1 . Spirals sinisl rorse. 



,S\ purpuras, i ns 



'_'. Spirals dexl rorse. 



Various unidenl ified forms. 

 ('. Aerial hyphae irregularly flexuous or wavy; 

 long hyphae absent. Terminal filaments form 

 spirals. 



1 . Spirals sinisl rorse. 



S. sulphureus 



2. Curvature of spiral indefinite. 



S gi iseoluU us 

 1). Aerial hyphae lout;, straight, or wavy. They 

 give rise to short side branches, which develop 

 into spore-bearing hyphae containing spirals. 

 1 . Spirals sinist rorse. 



S. hygroseopicus , S. violaceoniger, S. 



albus 



E. Aerial hyphae in clusters. The terminal fila- 

 ments develop into sporophores, both spiral 

 ami Qonspiral forming. 



S. vinaceous, S. microflavus, S. fra 

 diae, S. lavendulae, S. virginiae, S. 

 cinnamom nsis, S. roseochromogt //< s, 

 S. pliui ochromogt nt s 



F. Aerial hyphae branch in clusters. No spiral- or 



loop-. 



S. n in :ui Int. S. tanashiensis , S. 

 bikiniensis, S. antibioticus, S. aureo 

 faciens, S. olivaceus, S. nitrosporeus, 

 S. griseus, S. lipmanii, S. rutgersensis , 

 S. parvus, S. fiavovirens, S. californi 

 i us, s. i iiiiin us, S. ruber, S. caeruU us 



(1. Aerial hyphae long, straight or slightly flexu 

 ous. Verticillate. No spirals. 



S. ri tii uli. S. griseocarneus , S. echt 

 mi nsts, S. hiroshimensis , S. salmoni 

 cida, S. thioluteus, S. albireticuli , S. 

 m tropsis 



H. Aerial hyphae somewhat flexuous or wavy. 

 Long hyphae and spirals are not produced 



S. albus (atypical), S. halsledii, S. 



scabies, S. verne, S. griseolus, S. 

 ■ i us Plates IV and V 



L2. OTHER S"5 STEMS 



( )t her systems have been proposed tor t he 

 classification of the genus Streptomyces. 

 Some of these systems are modifications or 

 supplementations of that presented in Ber 

 gey's Manual (7tli ed., 1957), or modifica- 

 tions of one of the other of those outlined in 

 this chapter. 



One of these is the system outlined by 

 Routien (1959). The various species in- 

 cluded in the genus Streptomyces were 

 divided into three major groups: (1) sapro- 

 phytes; (2) plant parasites or cultures 

 isolated from diseased plants of from soil in 

 which diseased plants were grown; (3) cul- 

 tures isolated from animal tissues. These 

 groups were subdivided on the basis of for- 

 mation and color of aerial mycelium (green, 

 brownish-purple to black, blue-gray or blue- 

 green, yellowish to orange, pink to rose, etc.). 

 The color of the substrate mycelium and the 

 various biochemical properties were 1 hen 

 used for further subdivisions. Morphology 

 (spiral formation, shape of spores) played 

 only a minor role in this system. See also 

 Sakai, L959. 



Summary of thi Properties I 'sal in 



Subdividing thi d'< mis 



Streptomyces 



Evaluation of the above systems of clas- 

 sification leads to 1 he conclusion that sporo- 

 phore morphology has been given hist or 

 second consideration by the great majority 

 of investigators. Lesser attention was paid 

 to the color of the aerial mycelium and the 

 nature of soluble pigments. Chromogenesis, 

 or pigment formation in protein media, was 

 often given firsl position. Antibiotic pro- 

 duction and ecology received the least con- 

 sideration. 



In Baldacci's system of dividing the genus 

 into groups or series, the color of the sub- 



