GROUPS AND SPECIES OF GENUS STREPTOMYCES 



III 



the names of the type species within the 

 particular series. (See also Table LO.) 



Genus Streptomyces Waksman and Hen- 

 i'ici, containing L6 series. Type species S. 

 albus (Rossi-Doria) Waksman and Henrici. 



A. Subgenus Streptomyces Waksman, with 

 I I series. Type species Streptomyces (Strepto- 

 myces) albus (Rossi-Doria) Waksman and 

 Henrici. 



B. Subgenus Streptoverticillium Baldacci, 

 with ■_' series. Type species Streptomyces 

 (Streptoverticillium) reticuli (Waksman and 

 ( !uri is) Waksman. 



A. Sporophores straight, wavy, or spiral- 

 forming. Subgenus Streptomyces 

 Subgroup A. MESOPHILIC 



I. Melanin-negative 



Series 1. Albus. This series is character- 

 ized by a while to lighl gray aerial myce- 

 lium, covering the whole of the substrate 

 growth; concentric rings may he formed. It 

 is melanin-negative. A fainl brownish pig- 

 ment may he produced on organic media. 

 Sporophores ace spiral-shaped, occasionally 

 broom-shaped. The species within this series 

 are usually strongly proteolytic, without 

 formation of bad-smelling products. It may 

 he argued that the type species S. albus is 

 no longer available and that many species 

 possess similar properties. This series and 

 this species must he recognized historically, 



whatever the final decision of the type 

 species to he adopted (Pridham and Lyons, 



1960). 



Series 2. ( 'vru n us. This s( 

 terized by a gray aerial myc 

 in color from lighl gray to 

 smoke-gray to ash-gray to 

 may he white at first, later 1 

 shades of gray. Substrate g 

 colorless or yellowish, t urnim 

 frequent ly a soluble yellow ] 

 duced. The sporophores are 

 or spiral-shaped. 



Series .",. hiatus. This series, as well, has a 

 long historical background; it was one of 

 the three groups so designated by Sanfelice 

 in 1904. It is characterized hy a yellow or 

 yellow-orange to yellowish-brown substrate 

 growth, and by an aerial mycelium which is 

 white to yellowish to gray. A yellowish- 

 green to golden yellow soluble pigmenl is 

 usually produced. Sporophores are long, 

 straight , or spiral-shaped. 



Series 4. Ruber. This series is character- 

 ized by a pink to orange to red substrate 

 growth, and by a white to yellowish to red 

 aerial mycelium. No soluble pigment is pro- 

 sionally a yellowish to brownish 

 iv be formed. Sporophores are 

 spiral-shaped. 



Viridis. This series is character 

 green to dark green substrate 

 I by a white to gray to lighl 



duced; occa 

 pigment in; 

 st raight or s 



Series 5. 

 ized by a 

 growth, an< 

 green aerial mycelium. Usually there is no 

 soluble pigment; occasionally a lighl green 

 pigment is formed. Sporophores are straighl 

 or spiral-shaped. 



Series 6. Violaceoruber . Substrate growth 

 is at first colorless, gradually becoming red 

 or blue; aerial mycelium is white to gray 

 with bluish tinge. The characteristic soluble 

 pigment is blue, frequently changing in color 

 with the reaction of the medium; it i- blue 

 at an alkaline and red at an acid reaction. 

 Sporophores form spirals. 



Series 7. Fnulitu . This series is character- 

 ized by a yellow to orange substrate growth, 

 and by a powdery pink to seashell pink to 

 light orange aerial mycelium. Usually no 

 soluble pigment forms on synthetic or or- 

 ganic media; a pink pigmenl may occasion- 

 ally be produced. Sporophore> are si raight 

 or spiral-shaped. Specie- are strongly pro- 

 teolyi ic and antagonist ic. 



Series 8. (iris, us. This series is character- 

 ized by colorless substrate growth, becom- 

 ing, in certain media, brown to almosl olive- 

 black. Aerial mycelium is yellowish with a 

 greenish tint, or greenish-gray or sea-green. 



