166 



THE ACTINOMYCETES, Vol. II 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Substrate growth 

 yellowish-brown. Aerial mycelium thin, 

 yellowish-white. Soluble pigment yellowish- 

 brown. 



Nutrient agar: Substrate growth cream- 

 colored to yellow. No aerial mycelium. Solu- 

 ble pigment brown. Melanin-positive. 



Gelatin: Growth cream-colored to brown- 

 ish. Soluble pigment brown. Liquefaction 

 crateriform. 



Milk: Growth brownish. Aerial mycelium 

 scant, white. Soluble pigment yellowish- 

 brown. Peptonization, but no coagulation. 



Potato: Growth wrinkled, cream-colored 

 to brownish. Aerial mycelium yellowish- 

 white. Soluble pigment reddish-brown. 



Starch agar: Growth cream-colored to 

 yellowish. Aerial mycelium white. Hydroly- 

 sis good. No soluble pigment. 



Nitrate reduction: Positive. 



Blood agar: Growth dark cream-yellow. 

 Hemolysis strong. 



Egg media: Growth greenish-yellow. No 

 aerial mycelium. Soluble pigment reddish to 

 violet. 



Cellulose: Not decomposed. 



Carbon utilization: Glucose, maltose, and 

 glycerol well utilized. Arabinose, xylose, 

 rhamnose, fructose, galactose, mannitol, 

 sorbitol, lactose, sucrose, raffinose, and inu- 

 lin not utilized. 



H 2 S production: Negative (other strains 

 positive) . 



Tyrosinase reaction: Negative. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces an 

 antiviral agent, abikoviromycin. 



Habitat: Soil in Japan. 



Remarks: Resembles S. fimicarius and 

 S. purpureochromogenes. Gause et al. de- 

 scribed a variety of this organism under the 

 name of A. abikoensum var. spiralis. The 

 above description was based upon strain 

 2-1-6. 



* These designations represent the various cul- 

 ture collections where the type cultures are de- 

 posited. This has been elucidated in Chapter 4, 

 p. 78-80. 



Type culture: I. MRU* 3654. 



2. Streptomyces aburaviensis Nishimura 

 et al., 1957 (Nishimura, H., Kimura, T., 

 Tawara, K., Sasaki, K., Nakajima, K., 

 Shimaoka, N., Okamoto, S., Shimohira, M., 

 and Isono, J. J. Antibiotics (Japan) 10A: 

 205-212, 1957). 



Morphology: Sporophores long and 

 straight; no spirals produced. Spores oval. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth yellowish- 

 brown. Aerial mycelium well developed, 

 velvety, white. Soluble pigment dark yellow- 

 ish-brown. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth grayish- 

 olive, thin, flat; reverse pale olive. Aerial 

 mycelium velvety, almost white, slightly 

 grayish. Soluble pigment at first dull yellow, 

 later becoming yellowish-brown. 



Starch agar: Growth grayish-yellow- 

 brown. Aerial mycelium grayish-white. 

 Soluble pigment pale yellow-brown. Hy- 

 drolysis weak. 



Calcium malate agar: Growth pale yel- 

 lowish-brown. Aerial mycelium thin, white 

 to grayish-white. Soluble pigment grayish- 

 yellow-brown. 



Nutrient agar: Growth thin, light gray. 

 No aerial mycelium. No soluble pigment. 



Milk: Growth grayish- white. Aerial my- 

 celium white. Coagulation and peptoniza- 

 tion. 



Potato: Growth dull yellow to pale olive. 

 Aerial mycelium white to light gray. No 

 soluble pigment. 



Gelatin: Positive liquefaction. No soluble 

 pigment. Melanin-negative. 



Nitrate reduction: Positive. 



Carbon utilization: Glycerol, dextrin, 

 starch, glucose, maltose, galactose, inulin, 

 and fructose utilized. Mannitol, arabinose, 

 raffinose, a-lactose, inositol, xylose, and 

 sucrose not utilized. 



3. Streptomyces achromogencs Okami and 

 Umezawa, 1953 (Umezawa, H., Takeuchi, 

 T., Okami, Y., and Tazaki, T. Japan. J. 

 Med. Sci. Biol. 6: 261-268, 1953). 



