168 



THE ACTINOMYCETES, Vol. II 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth raised, 

 somewhat wrinkled, colorless in young 

 cultures. Aerial mycelium thin, white at 

 first, later gray or yellowish-brown. 



Nutrient agar: No growth. 



Starch agar: Growth at 25°C good, color- 

 less. Aerial mycelium abundant, smooth, 

 white. Sonic diastatic action. 



Potato: Growth good, raised, folded. No 

 discoloration of plug. Melanin-negative. 



Gelatin: Growth after 10 days very scant, 

 thin, semitransparent, colorless. Liquefaction 

 slow. 



Milk: No growth. 



Nitrate reduction: Trace. 



Sucrose: No inversion. 



Antagonistic properties: Strongly positive. 



Habitat: Soil. 



Remarks: Grows in acid media only, with 

 an optimum at pH 3.5 to 4.5. 



6. Streptomyces afghaniensis Shimo et <il. 

 1959 (Shimo, M., Shiga, T., Tomosugi, T., 

 and Kamoi, I. J. Antibiotics (Japan) 12A: 1, 

 1959). 



Morphology: Sporophores form spirals. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth olive- 

 colored, with reddish-brown reverse. Aerial 

 mycelium pale green to light greenish-gray. 

 Soluble pigment brown to reddish-brown. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth olive- 

 colored, with reddish-brown reverse. Aerial 

 mycelium pale green to light greenish-gray. 

 Soluble pigment brown to reddish-brown. 



Calcium malate agar: Growth olive- 

 colored. Aerial mycelium pale yellow-orange 

 to pale orange. Soluble pigment yellowish- 

 brown to reddish-brown. 



Nutrient agar: Growth colorless to olive 

 to buff. Aerial mycelium grayish-white. 

 Soluble pigment light brown. 



Gelatin: Growth colorless. Aerial my- 

 celium white. Soluble pigment brown. 

 Medium liquefaction. 



Milk: Growth yellowish-brown. No aerial 

 mycelium. Soluble pigment brown to dark 

 brown. 



Potato: Growth wrinkled, colorless. Aerial 

 mycelium olive to yellowish-brown. Soluble 

 pigment yellowish-brown. 



Cellulose: Positive growth. 



Nitrate reduction: Negative. 



Tyrosinase: Doubtful. 



Carbon source: Utilizes rhamnose, raffi- 

 nose, and other carbohydrates; does not 

 utilize sodium citrate and sodium acetate; 

 doubtful growth on dulcitol and sorbitol. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces an 

 antibiotic, taitomycin, active upon gram- 

 positive bacteria. 



Habitat: Soil in Afghanistan. 



Remarks: Resembles S. colli mis and S. 

 erythrochromogenes. 



7. Streptomyces albidoflavus (Rossi-Doria, 

 1891, emend. Gasperini, 1894) Waksman and 

 Henrici, 1948 (Rossi-Doria, T. Ann. ist. ig. 

 sper. Roma, n. s. 1: 399-438, 1894). 



Synonym : A ctinomyces albido-flavus 

 Duche, 1934, emend. Krassilnikov, 1949. 



Morphology: Sporophores short, spiral- 

 forming, sinistrorse. Spores spherical. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth brown. 

 Aerial mycelium white, later becoming 

 whitish-yellow. Soluble pigment yellowish. 



Glucose-peptone agar: Growth cream- 

 colored, covered with fine white aerial 

 mycelium; yellow soluble pigment. 



Tyrosine agar: Growth tine with orange- 

 yellow on reverse side; medium becomes 

 yellowish to yellowish-rose. 



Gelatin: Punctiform colonies with white 

 aerial mycelium on surface. No soluble 

 pigment. Rapid liquefaction. 



Milk: Growth rapid, becoming covered 

 with whitish aerial mycelium; never fully 

 covering the surface; no coagulation; pep- 

 tonization begins slowly and is completed in 

 13 days; liquid colored yellowish-orange. 



Starch media: Growth cream-colored, 

 covered with yellow aerial mycelium. After 

 20 days, growth becomes much folded; 

 greenish on reverse side; soluble pigment 

 slightly amber. Hydrolysis. 



