>ESCRIPTION OF SPECIES OF STREPTOMYCES 



179 



absenl or white. Brown soluble pigment. 

 Liquefaction rapid, later slowing down. 



Milk: Black ring. Limited coagulation and 

 peptonization. 



Nitrate: Reduction to nitrite with certain 

 carbon sources. 



[nvertase: None to positive. 



Temperature: Optimum 25 C. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces poly- 

 enes, substances active againsl various 

 fungi. Some -trains produce luteomycin. 



Habitat: Soil. 



Remarks: Cultures under this name were 

 described by DuBois-Severin in L895, by 

 Lachner-Sandoval in 1899, and by Sartory 

 in 1923. Yamaguchi and Saburi (1955) re- 

 ported that the S. aureus culture obtai 1 



from collections produces straighl aerial 

 hyphae and no spirals when grown on var- 

 ious synthetic media. Okami and Suzuki 

 (1958) isolated two strains that produced 

 spirals. Ettlinger et al. (1958) considered 

 this organism as a strain of S. griseus. Kras- 

 silnikov (1949) considered ii as a variety of 

 .1 . Ilnrus. 



Type culture: IMRU 3309. 



27. Streptomyces autotrophicus Takamiya 

 and Tubaki, 1956 (Takamiya, A., and 

 Tubaki, K. Arcli. Mikrobiol. 25: 58 64, 

 L956). 



Morphology: Sporophores alternately or 

 irregularly branched, breaking up into 

 Spores; no spiral formation. Spores colorless 

 with smooth surface; varying in shape from 

 ellipsoid to long ovoid or cylindrical; usually 

 2.5 to 4.:S by 0.5 to 0.8 n, sometimes smaller, 

 1.5 by 0.3 ju- 



Nitrate, carbohydrate-free, agar: Aerial 

 mycelium powdery and snow-white in ap- 

 pearance, consisting of a tough mycelial felt ; 

 thicker at central area than at periphery. 

 Reverse side of growth wrinkled and pale 

 yellowish. No soluble pigment. 



Calcium malate agar: Growth much 

 folded, and raised in central area, cream- 

 yellow at earlier stages of development; 



reverse side pale brownish. Aerial mycelium 



white. 



Nutrient agar: ( rrowth much folded and 

 raised; reverse side relatively smooth and 

 pale brownish. Aerial mycelium snow-white. 

 In old culture-, a faint brown tint in agar 

 layer immediately beneath growing colony. 



Malt agar: Growth irregularly wrinkled 

 and folded; reverse side wrinkled and pale 

 yellowish. Production of spores rather poor. 



Starch agar: Growth -canty; no hydroly- 

 sis. 



Potato: Growth colorless, much folded, 

 with thick central area and thin periphery, 

 pale brownish. 



( relatin : No liquefaction. 



Milk: Thin white pellicle formed on sur- 

 face. Reverse side yellowish. No coagulation. 

 No soluble pigment. 



Cellulose: Not decomposed. 



Nitrate reduction : None. 



Habitat: Originally found on the surface 

 of phosphate buffer solution left unused in a 

 laboratory in Tokyo. Conceivably, it was 

 derived from atmospheric dust. 



Remarks: Hirsch (1960) consider- this or- 

 ganism as a Nocardia (X. autotrophica) , ca- 

 pable of utilizing petroleum. 



28. Streptomyces beddardii (Erikson, 1935) 

 Waksman (Erikson, D. Med. Research 

 Council (Brit.) Spec. Rept. Ser. 203: 13- 14, 

 L935). 



Morphology: Sporophores long, slender, 

 tormina; many wavy or closely coiled spirals, 

 particularly on glucose agar; spirals less 

 marked or lacking on poorer nutritive media 

 like synthetic glycerol agar or water agar. 

 Aerial hyphae straighter and more branched 

 with shorter sporophores on starch agar. 

 Spores oval. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth wrin- 

 kled, membranous. Aerial mycelium -cant. 

 white. 



Nutrient agar: ( rrowth colorless, coherent , 

 wrinkled, membranous. Aerial mycelium 

 scant, white. Soluble pigmenl deep brown. 



