184 



THE ACTINOMYCETES, Vol. II 



being left in 1 per cent starch solution after 

 a few days. 



Type cult tire: I MRU 3082. 



35. Streptomyces caelestis DeBoer et al., 

 1959 (DeBoer, C, Dietz, A., and Hoeksema, 

 H. Canad. Pat. 572,779, March 24, 1959). 



Morphology: Sporophores loosely coiled. 

 Spores spherical to oval. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth good. Aerial 

 mycelium gray-white. Soluble pigment yel- 

 low. 



Nutrient agar: Growth fair to good. Aerial 

 mycelium slight pink-white. Soluble pigment 

 brown-tan. 



Casein digest-beef agar: Growth good. 

 Aerial mycelium pale glaucous blue. Soluble 

 pigment brown-tan. 



Starch agar: No growth. 



Tyrosine agar: No growth. No aerial my- 

 celium. No soluble pigment. 



Potato: Growth good. Aerial mycelium 

 grayish to blue-white. Soluble pigment 

 brown. 



Gelatin: Growth good. Aerial mycelium 

 blue-gray. Soluble pigment brown. Medium 

 liquefaction. 



Milk: Growth fair. No soluble pigment. 

 No peptonization. 



Nitrate reduction: Negative. 



Production of IPS: Positive. 



Carbon utilization: Utilizes a variety of 

 sugars, ^//-inositol, acetate 1 ; limited utiliza- 

 tion of starch, glycerol, citrate, and succi- 

 nate; does not utilize dulcitol, mannitol, 

 inulin, sorbitol, and various other organic 

 acids. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces antibi- 

 otic celesticetin. 



Habitat: Soil in Utah. 



Remarks: Similar to S. glaucus and S. 

 chartreusis. 



36. Streptomyces caeruleus (Baldacci) 

 Waksman (Baldacci, E. Atti ist. botan. 

 univ. Pavia 3: ISO L84, 1944). 



Morphology: Sporophores long, straight, 



branched, not forming any spirals. Spores 

 cylindrical 1.0 to 1.4 by 2.0 to 2.1 M . 



Agar media: Substrate growth colorless. 

 Aerial mycelium pigmented, at first white, 

 later becoming blue, and finally dark. Solu- 

 ble pigment grayish-green. 



Glycerol agar: Grows slowly; light blue in 

 color. 



Carrot agar: Growth at first white; later 

 becoming blue. Aerial mycelium blue, be- 

 coming gradually deep blue, and finally 

 dark blue. 



Oatmeal agar: Color of growth at first 

 white and aerial mycelium blue, gradually 

 becoming darker in color. The agar is pig- 

 mented grayish-green. 



Gelatin: Growth slow, grayish-blue. 

 Either no liquefaction or only slow liquefac- 

 tion. 



Milk: Weak growth. 



Starch media: Weak greenish growth. 

 Bluish-green pigmentation. 



Temperature: Range between 18 and 

 30°C. Optimum 24 °C. 



Reaction: Optimum pH 8 to 10. 



Cellulose: Not utilized. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces anti- 

 biotic caerulomycin . 



Habitat: Corn straw and decomposing 

 rice straw. 



Remarks: Related to S. violaceoruber, S. 

 violaceus, and S. viridis. According to Taber 

 (1959) the distinctive characteristics of a 

 culture that he isolated and identified as 

 S. caeruleus are: production of a blue to red 

 indicator pigment; requirement of a neutral 

 or alkaline reaction for growth and produc- 

 tion of oblong to cylindrical spores in straight 

 and flexnous chains. It was not chromogenic 

 on peptone media but produced H 2 S on 

 iron-peptone agar. It did not grow on un- 

 buffered potato or carrot plugs, litmus 

 milk, and certain synthetic agar media. The 

 cult are readily utilized glucose, fructose, 

 galactose, mannitol, sucrose, xylose, starch, 

 and maltose, but did not utilize, or utilized 



