216 



THE ACTINOMYCETES, Vol. II 



wavy sporophores, often produced in clus- 

 ters; no spirals. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth brown- 

 ish, lichenoid, with wide cream-colored 

 edge; reverse yellowish. Aerial mycelium 

 white to grayish, gradually covering surface. 

 Xo soluble pigment . 



Nutrient agar: Growth cream-colored, 

 elevated, lichenoid, doughy consistency. No 

 aerial mycelium. Soluble pigment faint 

 brownish. 



Potato: Growth barnacle-like, reddish- 

 brown. No aerial mycelium. Pigment around 

 growth grayish-brown. 



Gelatin: Surface ring cream-colored. Liq- 

 uefaction medium. Soluble pigment deep 

 brown, gradually diffusing through liquefied 

 portion. 



Tryptone broth: Growth occurs in form 

 of small pellets at the base of the flask; later, 

 a thin surface pellicle is produced. Soluble 

 pigment produced slowly, black. 



Temperature: Good growth at 25°C; slow 

 growth at 37°C. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces on 

 synthetic and organic media an antibiotic, 

 proactinomycin, active against bacteria. 



Source: Isolated as an air contaminant. 



Remarks: This species was first classified 

 as a Nocardia (Bergey's Manual, 7th eel.). 

 Recent evidence, comprising both cultural 

 and chemical properties (Cummins and 

 Harris, 1958), suggests its transfer to the 

 genus Streptomyces. It is closely related to 

 S. aureofaciens. 



Type culture: IMRU 3834. 



98. Streptomyces garyphalus Harris et ah, 

 L955 (Harris, I). A., Etuger, M., Reagan, 

 M. A., Wolf, F. J., Peck, P. L., Wallick, H., 

 and Woodruff, H. B. Antibiotics & Chemo- 

 therapy 5: 183-190, 1955). 



Morphology: Sporophores straight, with- 

 out spirals. Spores rod-shaped, 0.8 to 1.1 by 

 1.7 to 1.'.) ix. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth colorless. 



Aerial mycelium grayish- white. Xo soluble 

 pigment. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth color- 

 less. Aerial mycelium white. Xo soluble pig- 

 ment. 



Modified glucose-asparagine agar: Growth 

 powdery, pinkish- white, reverse buff. Aerial 

 mycelium seashell-pink. Xo soluble pigment. 



Calcium malate agar: Growth colorless 

 Xo aerial mycelium. 



Nutrient agar: Growth colorless. Aerial 

 mycelium grayish-white. Soluble pigment- 

 faint brown. 



Yeasl extract -glucose agar: Growth excel- 

 lent. Aerial mycelium grayish-white, be- 

 coming pinkish-gray and finally seashell- 

 pink. Soluble pigment faint brown. 



Starch-tryptone agar: Growth good. Aerial 

 mycelium gray. Soluble pigment dark brown. 



Peptone-glucose agar: Growth cream- 

 colored. Aerial mycelium grayish-white, be- 

 coming pink. Soluble pigment faint brown. 



Starch agar: Growth excellent. Aerial 

 mycelium white to gray. Hydrolysis. Soluble 

 pigment faint brown. 



Gelatin: Grayish-white ring and sub- 

 merged pellicle. Pigmented layer dark 

 brown; becomes greenish-brown when 

 shaken. Medium liquefaction. 



Milk: Faint grayish-white tinge. Slow 

 peptonization turning dark purple at first 

 and later brownish-purple. Reaction acid, 

 pH 6.4. 



Nitrate reduction: Strong. 



Potato: Growth heavy, wrinkled. Aerial 

 mycelium grayish-black. Potato darkened. 



Cellulose: Xo decomposition. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces an anti- 

 biotic, D-4-amino-3-isoxazolidone (novobio- 

 cin). 



Habitat: Soil. 



99. Streptomyces gedanensis I Lohlein, 

 1909) Muller, 1950 (Lohlein, M. Z. Hyg. 

 Enfektionskrankh. 63: 1-10, 1909; Muller, R. 

 Medizinsche Mikrobiologie, 4th ed. 1950, 

 Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich, p. 294). 



