DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES OF STREPTOMYCES 



l'.;i 



lion. The reaction becomes faintly acid (pH been indicated by Nomi I 1960b). Vavra et al 



6.0orless). (1959) described a variety decoyicus that 



Starch: Hydrolysis. differed in certain minor properties. A num- 



Cellulose: Ready decomposition by some ber of other varieties of this organism have 



strains. been described, such as odoratus (Yiintsen 



Nitrate reduction: None with sucrose as et al., L956) and angustmyceticus (Takahashi 



source of energy. and Amano, L954). 

 Sucrose inversion: Positive. ,._>- Streptomyces intermedins (Kruger- 



Production -.1 H 2 S: Negative , 7// , w W ollenweber, L922) Waksman (Wol, 



Antagonists propert.es: Produces hygro- lenweberj H . Ber . (1( , lt ,„„.,„. Ges 39: ._, (1 



L922). 



mycin, an antibiotic active agamsl mycobac- 

 teria and roundworms (see also Pagano et <//., 

 L953). 



Ilabital : Soil. 



Remarks: Tresner and Backus (1956) 

 made a comprehensive study of IS cultures 

 representing S. hygroscopicus and closely re- 

 lated forms. They came to the conclusion 

 that the following three properties are the 

 fundamental characteristics of the organ- 

 ism: (1) sporophores terminate in tight spi- 



Morphology: Sporophores straight, wavy, 

 frequently arranged in fascicles or clumps 

 \o spirals. Spores round to oval; ().'.) to 1.0 

 by 0.7 m- 



Glycerol nitrate agar: Substrate growth 

 cream-colored to brown; sometimes dark 

 green to greenish-brown. Aerial mycelium 

 thin, gray to dark gray. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth brown- 

 ish with greenish shade. Aerial mycelium 



rals oi a tew to many turns, plus a clustering dark gray X() S(( , llM( , pigmei) 



ot such sporophores along hyphae; (2) Nutrien1 agar: Growth much foldedj 



brownish-gray (mouse-gray to benzo-brown) cream _ colored . Aeria] myce li U m white. Sol- 



spore color on favorable media; (3) distinc- 

 tive hygroscopic character on some agar 

 media. The characteristic feature, not 

 equally distind in all strains, however, is the 

 fact that the aerial mycelium on synthetic 

 media becomes moistened and exhibits dark, 

 glistening patches; when touched with a 

 needle, these patches prove to be moist, 

 smeary masses of .-pores. Shape and size of 

 spores, color of substrate growth, formation 

 of soluble pigments, growth on potato, 

 growth on milk, cellulose decomposition, and 

 carbon and nitrogen utilization were con- 

 sidered by Tresner and Backus as variable 

 properties. They considered S. platensis and 



S. <nd us as closely related. 



Other related form-, such as .1. kurssano- 

 mand .1. nigrescens, have been described by 



Cause et al. (1957). Ettlinger et al. (1958) [ a ] mycelium dark gray, 

 also included S. platensis and S. rutgersensis Sucrose: [nversion -low 

 Var. castelarense in tin- group. The relation 

 ship of this species to S. violaceoniger ha: 



uble pigment faintly golden, occasionally 

 green to olive-green; on continued cultiva- 

 tion, green color tends to become cream- 

 colored to brownish. 



Glucose-peptone agar: Growth good, 

 brownish. Aerial mycelium heavy, cream- 

 colored to dark gray. No soluble pigment. 



Potato: ( rrowth folded, brown to green i.-h- 

 brown. Aerial mycelium dark gray. Soluble 

 pigment olive-green. Melanin-negative. 



( relatin: ( rrowth thin, colorless to faintly 

 brown, dropping to bottom. Slow liquefac- 

 tion. ( rreenish-brown pigment . 



.Milk: Surface growth heavy, cream-col- 

 ored. No aerial mycelium. No coagulation, 

 good peptonization. 



Starch: Good hydrolysis. 



( 'ellulose: ( irowth good, olive-green. Aer- 



Nitrate reducl ion : Limited. 



Habitat : Potato -cab. 



