DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES OF STREPTOMYCBS 



235 



L948 (Waksman, S. A. and Curtis, R. E. 

 Soil Sci. I: 126, L916; 8: L30, L919). 



Morphology: Sporophores long, m - 



podially branched; short, compacl spirals of 

 the dextrorse type, 5 to 8 m in diameter; 

 spirals sometimes open. Sonic strains form 

 no spirals, according to Okami (1956). 

 Spores oval, 1.0 to 1.2 by l.li to 2.0 m, 

 smooth ( PI. V, Ea). 



Sucrose nitrate agar: ( Growth thin, spread- 

 ing, colorless to cream-colored. Aerial my- 

 celium cottony, white, becoming vinaceous- 

 lavender. No soluble pigment. 



Glycerol malate agar: Growth cream-col- 

 ored. Aerial mycelium lavender. Xo soluble 

 pigment. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth yellow- 

 ish. Aerial mycelium white with lavender 

 tinge. Xo soluble pigment. 



Nutrient agar: Growth wrinkled, gray. Xo 

 aerial mycelium. Soluble pigment brown. 



Starch agar: Growth restricted, glistening, 

 transparent, rose-colored. Aerial mycelium 

 lavender. Good hydrolysis of starch. 



Potato: Growth thin, wrinkled, cream to 

 yellowish. Xo aerial mycelium. Soluble pig- 

 ment black. 



Gelatin: Surface growth creamy to brown- 

 ish. Aerial mycelium absenl or white. Lique- 

 faction slow. Soluble pigment brown. 



Milk: Cream-colored ring. Xo coagulation; 

 good peptonizat ion. 



Cellulose: ( Irowth scant. 



Nitrate reduction: Positive. 



Production of H 2 S: Positive. 



Temperature: < Optimum 37°C. 



Antagonistic properties: Various strains 

 of this organism produce antibiotics. One 

 such antibiotic, streptothricin, is active 

 both in vitro and in vivo againsl various 

 gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, 

 fungi, and actinomycetes. Certain other 

 strains produce an antiviral agent, ehrlichin. 



Habitat : Soil. 



Remarks: Numerous strains and varieties 

 of this organism have been isolated. It is 



sufficient to mention S. lavendulcn var. 

 japonicus, and several of the cultures listed 

 by Cause et al. (1957), notably .1. flavotri- 

 cini, .1. toxytricini, and .1. violascens. Ett- 

 linger et <il. I 1958) considered S. aeidomyceti- 

 cus and S. virginiae as members of this 

 group. Krassilnikov (1<)4!)) considered this 

 species as a variety of .1. chromogi'ne.s. 

 Okami (1956) and Rangaswami (1958) made 

 a detailed study of numerous representatives 

 of this species or species-group. 



Morais et al. (1958) described a variety of 

 S. lavendulae as brasilicus, the aerial my- 

 celium being red-pink or red-brown but not 

 lavender and not utilizing salicin. 



Type species: IMRU 3440. 



134. Streptomyces lieskei (Duche, 1934) 

 Waksman and Benrici, 1948 ( Duche, .1. Les 

 actinomyces du groupe albus. I\ Lechevalier, 

 1'aiis, 1934). 



.Morphology: Sporophores form oval 

 spores. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth cream- 

 colored, later yellowish to green. Aerial my- 

 celium white, later yellowish, growing from 

 the edge toward the center. Soluble pigment 

 dirty yellow to yellow-green. 



Nutrient agar: Growth cream-colored. Ae- 

 rial mycelium white. Soluble pigment yellow- 

 ish. 



Gelatin: Growth cream-colored. Aerial 

 mycelium white. Xo soluble pigment. Liq- 

 uefaction rapid. 



Milk: (Irowth cream-colored. Xo aerial 

 mycelium. Peptonization without coagula- 

 tion. After 20 days the whole milk becomes 

 a clear yellowish liquid. 



Tyrosine medium: (irowth rapid. Aerial 

 mycelium whitish-yellow. Soluble pigment 

 yellowish to orange-yellow. 



Coagulated serum: (irowth colorless. Liq- 

 uefaction rapid. 



Remarks: Related t<> S. alboflavus and S. 

 albidoflavus. 



135. Streptomyces limosus Lindenbein, 



