DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES OF STREPTOMYCES 



241 



loose spirals. Spores spherical to oval, 0.8 

 to 1.2 fi, produced as a dark gray area in 

 center of colonics. 



Agar media: Growth sparingly branched, 

 dense, entangled, frequently forming con- 

 centric rings in response to alternate periods 

 of lighl and darkness. Aerial mycelium 

 white. Spores gray to dark gray. No soluble 

 pigment. 



Gelatin : ( Growth arborescenl . Liquefaction 

 stratiform, slow. Melanin-negative. 



Milk: Peptonization complete, usually 

 within 1 month. 



Starch: Vigorous hydrolysis. 



Cellulose: Xot attacked. 



Chitin and alginic acid: Attacked. 



Agar: Slowly digested, softened, not lique- 

 fied. Growth on agar in culture dish sur- 

 rounded by rather wide, gently sloping 

 depression. Gelase held relatively wid(\ with 

 distinct margin. Irish moss and Hypnea gels 

 also slowly digested. 



Nitrate reduction: Usually negative. In 

 some media, slight nitrite is produced after 



10 days' incubation, especially if glucose is 

 present. 



Production of H 2 S: Positive. 



Indole: Xot formed. 



Carbon utilization: Acid produced from 

 galactose, glucose, fructose, mannose, cel- 

 lobiose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, and 

 glycerol. Arabinose, xylose, rhamnose, and 

 sorbitol utilized without acid production. 

 Xo growth with raffinose, salicin, inulin, 

 dulcitol, inositol, ethyl alcohol, or ethylene 

 glycol. Utilizes acetic, citric, lactic, propi- 

 onic, succinic, and iso-valeric acids. Does no1 

 utilize butyric, gluconic, maleic, malonic, 

 and oxalic acids. 



Habitat: Marine sediments. 



149. Streptomyces mashuensis Sawazaki 

 et al, 1955 (Sawazaki, T., Susuki, S., Naka- 

 mura, G., Kawasaki, M., Yamashita, S., 

 [sono, K., Anzai, K., Serizawa, Y., and 

 Sekiyama, Y. J. Antibiotics (Japan) 8A: 



11 17, 1955). 



Morphology: Sporophores straight, no 

 spirals; numerous primary and secondary 



verticils. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth yellow; 

 reverse yellow-green. Aerial mycelium abun- 

 dant , powdery. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth pow- 

 dery, grayish- white, reverse yellow-brown. 

 Xo aerial mycelium. 



Nutrient agar: Growth cream-colored; 

 reverse brown. Xo aerial mycelium. Xo 

 soluble pigment . 



Starch agar: Growth marguerite-colored; 

 margin cottony, primrose-pink; reverse yel- 

 low-brown, margin white. Aerial mycelium 

 white. Strongly diastatic. 



Potato: Growth spreading, dark cream- 

 colored. Aerial mycelium limited. Limited 

 discoloration of plug. 



Gelatin: Growth white. Xo aerial myce- 

 lium. Soluble pigment pinkish. Liquefaction 

 medium. 



Nitrate reduction: Negative. 



Carbon utilization: Xylose, glucose, su- 

 crose, trehalose utilized. Rhamnose, raffi- 

 nose, salicin, mannitol, lactose, arabinose 

 not utilized. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces two 

 antibiotics, streptomycin and a labile sub- 

 stance active againsl mycobacteria, fungi, 

 and B. .subtilis. 



Remarks: Okami et al. (1959b) made a 

 detailed study of this organism. They re- 

 ported, instead of the yellow growth on 

 synthetic media, poor colorless growth. 



150. Streptomyces matensis Margalith et 

 al., 1959 (Margalith, P., Beretta, G., and 

 Timbal, M. T. Antibiotics & Chemotherapy 

 9: 71-75, 1959). 



Morphology: Sporophores produce verti- 

 cils, the branches forming spirals. Spore- 

 spherical. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: ( irowth colorless, the 

 reverse being hyaline to lighl violet-gray. 

 Aerial mycelium powdery, gray. Faint 

 bluish pigmenl . 



