248 



THE ACTIXOMYCETES, Vol. II 



Remarks: This organism had been de- 

 scribed by Waksman (1919) as Actinomy- 

 ces 145, but never named before. 



Type culture: IMRU 3067. 



164. Streptomyces nitrificans Schatz et al., 

 1954 (Schatz, A., Isenberg, H. D., Angrist, 

 A. A., and Schatz, V. J. Bacteriol. 68: 1-4, 

 1954). 



Morphology: Sporulating hyphae straight, 

 branched. 



Most solid and liquid media: Growth 

 gray, with a pink to buff reverse. No solu- 

 ble pigment. 



Blood agar: Growth brick-red. No hemoly- 

 sis. 



Potato: Growth wrinkled. 



Nitrate reduction: Positive. 



Milk: No coagulation; slow peptonization. 



Starch: Hydrolysis. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Cellulose: Not attacked. 



Remarks: S. nitrificans grows well on a 

 variety of substrates, such as ethyl carbam- 

 ate. With ammonia providing nitrogen in the 

 basal medium, glucose, sucrose, mannitol, 

 sorbitol, glycerol, ethanol, rc-propanol, ace- 

 tate, lactate, succinate, fumarate, and citrate 

 permitted good growth. In a glucose con- 

 taining medium, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, 

 urea, and guanidine were satisfactory sources 

 of nitrogen. Several amino acids, purines, 

 and miscellaneous other nitrogenous com- 

 pounds, supplied alone or with glucose in 

 the basal medium, supported growth. 



The organism grew as well on carbamate 

 when first isolated from a carbamate-enrich- 

 meni culture as it did after serial transfer 

 over a 2-year period on various simple and 

 complex media containing no carbamate. 



In addition to its apparently unique abil- 

 ity to grow on carbamate as sole substrate, 

 this culture also produced nitrite from car- 

 bamate. It did not oxidize the carbamate 

 nitrogen beyond the nitrite stage. Ilirsch 

 I L960) considers this organism as a Nocardia 



(N. nitrificans) capable of utilizing petro- 

 leum. 



165. Streptomyces nitrosporeus Okami, 

 1952 (Okami, V. J. Antibiotics (Japan) 5: 

 477-480, 1952). 



Morphology: Aerial mycelium straight, 

 formed in clusters or tufts. Spores elliptical 

 to oval. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Substrate growth 

 colorless, grayish. Aerial mycelium blackish- 

 gray. 



Gelatin: Limited growth in liquefied zone. 

 Liquefaction rapid. Soluble pigment yellow- 

 ish-brown. 



Milk: Growth cream-colored to brownish. 

 Strong coagulation and peptonization. 



Starch: Strong hydrolysis. 



Cellulose: Attacked. 



Nitrate reduction: Vigorous. 



Tyrosinase reaction: Negative. 



Production of H 2 S: None. 



Loeffler's serum media: Growth thin. 

 Aerial mycelium gray. Soluble pigment 

 limited. Rapid liquefaction of serum. 



Carbon utilization: Utilizes arabinose, 

 galactose, glucose, maltose, rhamnose, xy- 

 lose, and glycerol; does not utilize sucrose, 

 fructose, inulin, lactose, mannitol, raffinose, 

 or sorbitol. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces an anti- 

 biotic, nitrosporin (proactinomycin?). 



Habitat : Soil in Japan. 



Remarks: Resembles S. griseolus and S. 

 cellulosae. 



Type culture: IMRU 3728; ATCC 12,769. 



166. Streptomyces niveoruber Ettlinger et 

 <il., 1958 (Ettlinger, L., Corbaz, R., and 

 IIiittei\ R. Arch. Mikrobiol. 31: 350, 1958). 



Morphology: Long, straight sporophores, 

 monopodially branched, forming open, regu- 

 lar spirals. Spores smooth (PI. II k). 



Glycerol nitrate agar: Growth light yellow 

 or carmine-red. Aerial mycelium sparse, 

 chalk-white. 



Glucose-peptone agar: Growth white-yel- 



