INSCRIPTION OF Sl'KCIKS OF STREPTOMYCES 



257 



Milk: Surface 1 ring dull yellow. Coagula- 

 tion and peptonization. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces an anti- 

 fungal polyenic antibiotic, pentamycin. 



Habitat : Soil in Japan. 



Remarks: Resembles S. rubrireticuli, 

 which differs from the strain producing 

 pentamycin in the following ways: spirals 

 are formed; growth on nutrient agar is red; 

 growth on milk is abundant and red; cellu- 

 lose and sucrose are utilized. 



185. Streptomyces phaeochromogenes 



(Conn, 1017) Waksman and Ilenrici, 1948 

 (Conn. II. J. X. V. Agr. Expt. St a. Tech. 

 Bull. 00, 1017). 



This culture has been studied by Conn 

 (1017), Waksman (1010), Jensen (1931), 

 Krassilnikov (1949), Kutzner (1956), and 

 Ettlinger et al. (1958). 



Morphology: Sporophores form narrow, 

 open, elongated, sinistrorse spirals (Conn, 

 Waksman, Jensen, Krassilnikov). Kutzner 

 (1056) examined 25 strains belonging to this 

 species; only five of them produced spirals. 

 Ettlinger et al. (1058) could not find any 

 spirals on any of the strains obtained from 

 various culture collections. Spores spherical 

 to short rods; surface smooth (PI. I d). 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth brown to 

 almosl black. Aerial mycelium abundant, 

 white with brownish shade. Soluble pigment 

 brown to dark brown. 



Calcium nialate agar: Growth buff to 

 brown. Aerial mycelium white. Soluble pig- 

 ment brown. 



Nutrient agar: Growth gray to brown, 

 later turning nearly black. Aerial mycelium 

 white to gray, often absent. Soluble pigment 

 deep red-brown. 



Starch agar: Growth brown. Hydrolysis 

 medium. 



Potato: Growth brown to almosl black. 

 Xo aerial mycelium. Soluble pigment dark 

 brown to black. 



Gelatin: Surface growth abundant. 



-pleading, cream-colored, becoming brown. 

 Liquefaction slow. Soluble pigment brown. 



Milk: Dark, almost black ring: coagula- 

 tion with slow peptonization. 



Nitrate: Reduction limited. 



Production of IPS: Positive. 



Temperature: Optimum 25°C. 



Antagonistic properties: Strong. 



Habitat: Soil. 



Type culture: [MRU 3338. 



186. Streptomyces phaeopurpureus Shi- 

 nobu, 1057 (Shinobu, R. Mem. Osaka Univ., 

 B. Nat. Sci. 6:6.3-67, 1057). 



Morphology: Substrate mycelium mono- 

 podial, 0.4 to 0.6 n in diameter; no frag- 

 mentation. Aerial mycelium straight, usu- 

 ally short. Spores spherical to elliptical, 0.6 

 to 0.8 m; rarely 1 /u. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth good, brown 

 to dark red. No aerial mycelium. Soluble 

 pigment brown. 



Glycerol malate agar: Growth good, 

 orange to purple. Aerial mycelium powdery, 

 yellowish-gray to pinkish-gray. Soluble pig- 

 ment red-purple to brown-purple. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth moder- 

 ate, orange to red-brown. Aerial mycelium 

 moderate, in patches, pinkish-gray. Soluble 

 pigment reddish-orange to reddish-brown. 



Nutrient agar: Growth good, deep brown. 

 No aerial mycelium. Soluble pigment brown 

 to deep reddish-brown. 



Potato plug: Growth wrinkled, reddish to 

 yellowish-brown. Aerial mycelium absent or 

 scant, light brownish-gray. Plug colored 

 brown. 



Milk: Growth in form of deep brown ring. 

 Soluble pigment brown. No coagulation; 

 peptonization uncertain. 



Tyrosinase reaction: Positive. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction fairly strong. 



I Hastase: Weak. 



( 'ellulose: Negative. 



Nitrate reduction: Negative. 



Carbon sources: Utilizes xylose, rhamnose, 



