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THE ACTIXOMYCETES, Vol. II 



grayish-buff. Aerial mycelium grayish-huff, 

 powdery. No soluble pigment. 



Nutrient agar: Growth colorless. Aerial 

 mycelium white, thin. Soluble pigment ab- 

 sent or slight, brown. 



Potato: Growth colorless to slightly yel- 

 lowish, elevated, wrinkled. Aerial mycelium 

 white, cottony to velvety. No soluble pig- 

 ment. 



Milk: Surface growth orange. Aerial my- 

 celium velvety, white. Coagulation and pep- 

 tonization completed in 25 to 30 days. 



Gelatin: Growth yellowish-brown. Aerial 

 mycelium white to grayish. Soluble pigment 

 brownish. Liquefaction weak to medium. 

 Melanin-negative. 



Starch: Hydrolysis strong. 



Carbon utilization: Utilizes arabinose, 

 dextrin, iso-duleitol, fructose, galactose, 

 glucose, glycerol, inositol, lactose, maltose, 

 mannitol, mannose, rhamnose, salicin, 

 starch, sucrose, sodium acetate, sodium 

 citrate, and sodium succinate. Does not 

 utilize esculin, raffinose, sorbitol, or sorbose 

 (inulin). 



Antagonistic properties: Produces xantho- 

 mycin-like substance. 



Habitat: Isolated from soil in Japan. 



Remarks: This culture resembles S. gri- 

 seolus, but it differs in spiral formation and 

 growth on potato and milk media. These 

 differences may not be enough to warrant 

 establishing a new species, but the produc- 

 tion of xanthomycin is a property not found 

 in the culture liquid of S. griseolus. 



Type culture: ATCC 12,770. 



198. Streptomyccs purpureofuscus Yama- 

 guchi and Saburi, 1955 (Yamaguchi, T. and 

 Saburi, Y. J. Gen. Appl. .Microbiol. I: 201- 

 2:;5, 1955). 



Morphology: Aerial hyphae long and 

 straight; on synthetic and starch agars, they 

 show a tuft-forming tendency at the margin. 

 Spirals not produced. Spores cylindrical, 

 I.I to 2.2 by 0.7 to 1.1 n. 



Sucrose nit rate agar: Growth thin, color- 



less, later becoming purple to dark purple; 

 this property may be lost after repeated 

 transfer, in which case growth remains white 

 to light purple. Aerial mycelium powdery, 

 white, later smoke-gray. Soluble pigment 

 faint purple. 



Glycerol malate agar: Growth brownish 

 to purplish-brown. Aerial mycelium white, 

 smoke-gray to light grayish-olive. Soluble 

 pigment light brownish-purple. 



Nutrient agar: Growth wrinkled, colorless. 

 Aerial mycelium absent, or scant, white. 

 Soluble pigment changes from reddish-brown 

 to dark vinaceous-brown. 



Starch agar: Growth yellowish-brown to 

 dark olive-buff; sometimes with hygroscopic, 

 black patches. Aerial mycelium velvety, at 

 first white, later olive-gray. Usually no sol- 

 uble pigment is produced, but sometimes 

 faint pinkish-purple is seen. Strong hy- 

 drolysis. 



Potato: Growth vigorous, finely wrinkled, 

 at first purplish-brown or yellowish-brown, 

 later becoming black. Aerial mycelium abun- 

 dant, powdery, grayish. Soluble pigment 

 purplish. 



Gelatin: Growth dark brownish-gray. 

 Aerial mycelium coarse, powdery, grayish- 

 white. Soluble pigments yellowish-brown to 

 brown and a more diffusible yellowish-green. 

 Strong liquefaction. 



Milk: Growth at first dull reddish-brown, 

 later purplish-brown. Soluble pigment faint 

 purplish and more diffusible faint yellowish. 

 Coagulation and peptonization. 



Cellulose: No growth. 



Carbon utilization: n-xylose, L-arabinose, 

 D-galactose, sucrose, lactose, raffinose, so- 

 dium succinate readily utilized. L-rhamnose, 

 inulin, mannitol, sorbitol, inositol, acetate, 

 and citrate not utilized. 



Antagonistic properties: Active against 

 gram-positive and acid-fast bacteria; pos- 

 sesses antitrichomonal activity. 



Remarks: Related to S. vinaceus, S. 

 cylindrosporus, and S. purpureochromogenes. 



