DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES OF STREPTOMYCES 



263 



1!)!). Streptomyces purpurascens Linden- 

 bein, L952 (Lindenbein, \V. Arch. Mikrobiol. 

 L7:361 383, L952). 



Morphology: Sporophores long, straight, 

 with open and closed spirals, 2 to 5 turns as 

 side branches. Spores covered with long 

 spines (PI. I b). A detailed electron micro- 

 scope study of this organism has been made 

 by Petras I 1959). 



Glycerol nitrate agar: Growth carmine- 

 red to purple. Aerial mycelium cottony, 

 white to purplish. Soluble pigment brown- 

 red. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth car- 

 mine-red to purple. Aerial mycelium white 

 to pinkish. Soluble pigment orange to car- 

 mine-red. 



Glycerol malate agar: Growth carmine- 

 red. Aerial mycelium white. Soluble pigment 

 orange to brick-red. 



Nutrient agar: Growth light brown, with 

 dark brown reverse. Aerial mycelium white. 

 Soluble pigment dark brown. Melanin- 

 positive. 



Glucose-peptone agar: Growth lichenoid, 

 red to red-brown. Aerial mycelium white. 

 Soluble pigment light brown. 



Starch media: Growth light carmine to 

 yellow-red. Aerial mycelium while. No sol- 

 uble pigment. Hydrolysis strong. 



Potato: Growth brownish to reddish. 

 Aerial mycelium white to gray. Xo soluble 

 pigment. (Kutzner (1956) observed on six 

 strains a gray to black pigment on potato 

 plug.) 



Gelatin: Growth light brown. Aerial my- 

 celium white. Soluble pigment red-brown. 

 Liquefaction medium. 



Milk: Growth red to dark brown. Aerial 

 mycelium white. No proteolysis. 



Cellulose: Growth white to red. 



Production of IPS: Positive. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces rhodo- 

 mycin. 



Remarks: On continued growth on syn- 

 thetic media, the culture may lose the 



property to produce the typical pigment. It 

 can be regained, however, by growth on 

 organic media. This organism is considered 

 by Corbaz et «l. (1957) as a synonym of S. 

 bobiliae, excepl that the latter lost the prop- 

 erty of producing aerial mycelium or spores. 

 Lindenbein (1952) and Frommer (1959) ob- 

 tained colorless mutants from S. purpuras- 



C( lis. 



Type culture: IMRU :;<i(iO. 



200. Streptomyces purpureochromogt nes 

 (Waksman and Curtis, 1916) Waksman and 

 Henrici, P. MS (Waksman, S. A. and Curtis, 

 R. E. Soil Sci. 1: 113, 1916; 8: 132, 1919). 



Morphology: Long sporophores produce 

 few imperfect spirals. Spores spherical, 0.75 

 to 1.0 m in diameter. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth restricted, 

 smooth, gray, becoming brown with purplish 

 tinge; center raised, margin yellow. Aerial 

 mycelium dark brown to dark gray. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth abun- 

 dant, gray, becoming brown to dark brown. 



Nutrient agar: Growth gray to brownish, 

 becoming dark brown, almost black. Soluble 

 pigment dark brown. Melanin-positive. 



Potato: Growth orange to orange-red. 



Gelatin: Surface growth slow, brownish. 

 Liquefaction slow. 



Milk: Dark brown ring. Coagulation and 

 slow peptonization. 



Starch media: Colonies small, dark brown. 

 Slight hydrolysis. 



( 'ellulose: Moderate growth. 



Sucrose: Inversion. 



Nitrate reduction: Negative. 



Production of IPS: Negative. 



Temperature: Optimum 25°C. 



Antagonistic properties: Active against 

 various bacteria. 



Habitat: Soil. 



Type culture: [MRU 3343. 



201. Streptomyces putrificus (Nikolaieva, 



nil.".) Waksman (Nikolaieva, E. Arch. Biol. 

 Nauk. 18:220, 1914). 



