DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES OF STREPTOMYCES 



271 



Glycerol malate agar: Growth colorless. 

 Aerial mycelium white to rose. 



Xutrient agar: Growth white, turning 

 yellowish. Xo aerial mycelium. No soluble 

 pigment. 



Starch agar: ( rrowth colorless. Aerial my- 

 celium white with shade of pink. No soluble 

 pigment. Hydrolysis medium. 



Gelatin: Growth yellowish-brown. Aerial 

 mycelium white. Soluble pigment brown. 

 Liquefaction slow; in some cases no liquefac- 

 tion. Melanin-negative. 



Potato: Growth brownish. No aerial my- 

 celium. Soluble pigment brownish or absent. 



Milk: No coagulation; gradual peptoniza- 

 tion. 



Cellulose: No growth. 



Invertase: None. 



Nitrate reduction: Rapid. 



Habitat: Soil. 



Remarks: Various cultures have been 

 described under this name. Krassilnikov 

 (1949) considered it as a varietal strain of 

 S. ruber. 



Type culture: IMRU 3772. 



21(i. Streptomyces ruber (Krainsky, L914) 

 Waksman and Henrici, 1948 (Krainsky, A. 

 Centr. Bakteriol. Parasitenk. Abt. 11., II: 

 649-688, 1914). 



Not Actinomyces ruber Ruiz-Cazabo, 1894; 

 not Actinomyces ruber (Kruse, 1896) San- 

 felice, 1904. 



Morphology: Sporophores straight, 

 blanching; a few spirals may be formed. 

 Spores spherical and oval, 0.7 to 0.8 by 0.8 

 to 1.0/z. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth abundant, 

 orange to coral-red. Aerial mycelium red to 

 red-orange to dark red. Pigment insoluble 

 unless vegetable oil present in medium. 



Nutrient agar: Growth elevated, wrinkled, 

 olive-green. No aerial mycelium. 



( rlucose agar: ( rrowth abundant, coral-red. 



Potato: Xo growth. 



Gelatin: Growth scant, yellow, flaky. 

 Liquefaction slow, increasing with growth. 

 Melanin-negative. 



Milk: Dark ring with red tinge. Coagula- 

 tion ; peptonization gradual. 



Starch: Hydrolysis weak. 



Sucrose: Inversion positive. 



Cellulose: Growth in form of red spots. 



Nitrate reduction: Positive, depending on 

 carbon source. 



Production of IPS: Negative. 



Temperature: Optimum 37°C. 



Pigments: Soluble in organic solvents; 

 alcohol extracts a red-violet pigment and 

 petroleum-ether a red-orange pigment ( Kriss, 

 1936). 



Antagonistic properties: Strongly effective 

 upon gram-positive bacteria. Various anti- 

 biotics are produced by different strains. 



Habitat: Soil. 



Remarks: Above description is based 

 largely upon that given by Krainsky. Closely 

 related forms include A. longisporus ruber 

 Krassilnikov, which is said to form some- 

 what longer spores, and to give sometimes a 

 brown coloration in protein media. A. auran- 

 tiogriseus Gause et al. also appears to be 

 closely related. 



217. Streptomyces rubescens (Jarach, 1931) 

 Umezawa et al., 1952 (Jarach. Boll. sez. ital. 

 soc. intern, microbiol. 3:43, 1931 ; Umezawa, 

 H., Tazaki, T., and Fukuyama, S. .1. Anti- 

 biotics (Japan) 5: 469, 1952). 



Morphology: Sporophores short, curved, 

 well branched; no spirals. Spores spherical or 

 oval. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth at first 

 white, changing to salmon-pink. Aerial my- 

 celium powdery, white. Xo soluble pigment. 



Nutrient agar: Growth same as on sodium 

 nitrate agar. 



Blood agar: After 10 days' incubation. 

 growth becomes salmon-pink. Aerial myce- 

 lium powdery, white. Xo soluble pigment. 

 Xo hemolysis. 



Egg media: Growth colorless, changing to 

 coral-pink. Aerial mycelium powdery, white. 



Potato: Growth coral-pink. Aerial myce- 

 lium powdery, white. Plug changes slightly 



