278 



THE ACTINOMYCETES, Vol. II 



Figure 47. S. spiroverticillatus (Reproduced 

 from: Shinobu, R. Botan. Mag. (Tokyo) 71: 88, 



1958). 



pale brown to yellowish-orange. Aerial my- 

 celium thin, somewhat cottony, white. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth pale 

 yellow-orange. Aerial mycelium good, cot- 

 tony, white to brownish. 



Calcium malate agar: Growth yellow- 

 orange to light brown. Aerial mycelium 

 abundant, cottony, white. 



Nutrient agar: Growth golden yellow to 

 buff. No aerial mycelium. Soluble pigment 

 pale brown. 



Potato: Growth yellowish-brown to brown. 

 Aerial mycelium abundant, cottony, white 

 to brownish- white. Soluble pigment brown. 



Milk: Growth yellow to yellow-orange. 

 Aerial mycelium poor, light brownish-gray. 

 Soluble pigment yellowish-orange. No co- 

 agulation; rapid peptonization. 



Gelatin: Growth poor; liquefaction strong. 



Tyrosinase reaction: Somewhat unstable, 

 generally positive, weak. 



Diastase reaction: fairly strong. 



Nitrate reduction: Positive. 



Carbon utilization: Utilizes lactose, fruc- 



tose, and xylose. Sucrose and inositol un- 

 certain. Does not utilize rhamnose, man- 

 nitol, and raffinose. 

 Habitat: Soil. 



230. Streptomyces sulphureus (Rivolta, 1882 

 emend. Gasperini, 1894) Waksman (Rivolta, 

 S. Arch. path. Anat. Phys. 88: 389, f882; 

 Gasperini, G. Centr. Bakt. Abt. 1, 15: 684, 

 1894; Waksman, S. A. Soil Sci. 8: 102-104, 

 1919). 



Synonym: Actinomyces bovis (Harz) 

 Waksman, 1919. 



Not .4. sulphureus Berestnew, 1897. 



This organism is usually found in culture 

 collections under the name of Actinomyces 

 boris. Baldacci (1937, 1947) emphasized the 

 synonymy of this organism, listing as many 

 as 13 different names. The following de- 

 scription is based upon the data of Waks- 

 man (1919), who also spoke of it as .4. bovis. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth white, turn- 

 ing yellow. Aerial mycelium light, powdery, 

 sulfur-yellow. No soluble pigment. 



Calcium malate-glycerol agar: Growth 

 brownish. No aerial mycelium. 



Nutrient agar: Growth at first cream- 

 colored, later becoming fawn-colored, brown, 

 then almost black. Aerial mycelium pale 

 yellow-green. No soluble pigment. Melanin- 

 negative. 



Glucose agar: Growth yellowish, later be- 

 coming dark. Aerial mycelium thin, sulfur- 

 yellow. 



Starch: Fair hydrolysis. 



Potato: Growth abundant, much wrin- 

 kled, gray to canary -yellow. Aerial myce- 

 lium yellow, turning sulfur-yellow. Plug at 

 first not pigmented, later turning brownish. 



Gelatin: Growth gray to brownish. No 

 aerial mycelium. No soluble pigment. 

 Liquefaction rapid at 37°C; slow at 18°C. 



Milk: Surface growth thin, yellowish. 

 Coagulation and peptonization. 



Carbon utilization: Ready utilization of 

 glucose, lactose, sucrose, maltose, glycerol, 

 and various organic acids. 



