DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES OF STREPTOMYCES 



281 



Nitrate reduction: Positive. 



Tyrosinase reaction: Positive. 



Production of IPS: Positive. 



Carbon utilization: Good growth: xylose, 

 arabinose, rhamnose, D-glucose, D-mannose, 

 D-fructose, D-galactose, cellobiose, starch, 

 dextrin, glycerol, acetate, citrate, succinate, 

 and salicin. Slighl or no growth: D-ribose, 

 sucrose, raffinose, inulin, erythritol, dulcitol, 

 niannitol, sorbitol, inositol, and malate. Xo 

 growth: formate, oxalate, tartrate, salicylate, 

 phenol, o-cresol, w-cresol, p-cresol. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces chlor- 

 amphenicol, an antibiotic active against 

 various gram-positive and gram-negative 

 bacteria, rickettsiae, and psittacosis group. 



Habitat: Different soils. 



Remarks: This organism is variable, re- 

 sembling in some respects S. lavendulae, al- 

 though Okami (1956) found it to be mark- 

 edly different. Krassilnikov described a form 

 under the name .1 . rectus, and a related form, 

 A. rectus brunneus, which belong to this 

 group. Gause et al. (1957) described a form 

 as A. venezuelae var. spiralis. S. phaeochromo- 

 genes var. chloromyceticus Okami is identical 

 with S. venezuelae. 



Morais et al. ( 1958) described a variety of 

 S. venezuelae as roseospori with a rose- 

 colored rather than lavender aerial myce- 

 lium, not producing any antibiotic and not 

 chomogenic on organic media. 



Type species: IMRU 3534; ATCC 10,711'. 



237. Streptomyces verne (Waksman and 

 Curtis, L916) Waksman and Henrici (Waks- 

 man, S. A. and Curtis, Pi. E. Soil Sci. 1: 120, 

 1910; 8: 156, L919). 



Morphology: According to Jensen (1931), 

 sporophores are long, spiral-shaped. Spores 

 spherical and oval. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth abundant, 

 spreading, lichenoid, glossy, yellowish, be- 

 coming brownish. Capacity to produce aerial 

 mycelium lost on cultivation. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth abun- 

 dant, lichenoid, center raised, gray with 



purplish tinge. No aerial mycelium. Soluble 

 pigment faint brown. 



Nutrient agar: Colonies small, grayish, 

 with depressed center, becoming wrinkled. 

 Xo aerial mycelium. Xo soluble pigment. 



Potato: Growth wrinkled, cream-colored, 

 becoming gray. Aerial mycelium absent or 

 scant , white. 



Gelatin: Colonies small, cream-colored. 

 Xo aerial mycelium. Soluble pigment green, 

 a property lost on continued cultivation. 

 Papid liquefaction. 



Milk: Ring pinkish-brown. Coagulation 

 and rapid peptonization. 



Starch: Growth scant, restricted, brown- 

 ish; hydrolysis rapid. 



Cellulose: Growth good. 



Nitrate reduction: Positive. 



Production of H 2 S: Negative. 



Temperature: Optimum 37°C. 



Antagonistic properties: Limited activity 

 against some bacteria. 



Remarks: Soluble green pigment produced 

 by freshly isolated cultures; in time, this pig- 

 ment becomes brown. According to Ettlin- 

 ger et al. (1958), this organism should be 

 regarded as a strain of S. olivaceus. 



Type Culture: [MRU 3353. 



238. Streptomyces verticillatus (Kriss, 

 1938) Waksman (Kriss, A. Mikrobiologiya 7: 

 105-111, 1938). 



Morphology: Substrate mycelium pro- 

 duced by monopodial branching. Aerial my- 

 celium characterized by primary verticils 

 produced on straight sporophores. The 

 number of verticils at the proximal ends of 

 the primary sterile hyphae is much larger 

 than in the younger portions. Secondary 

 verticils are also produced at the ends of the 

 primary. Spores cylindrical and oblong, 1.0 

 to 1.7 by 0.8 n. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Aerial mycelium well 

 developed, velvety, at lirst white, later dark 

 gray or gray-green. 



Xutrienl agar: Growth brown. No aerial 

 mycelium. Soluble pigment brown. 



