284 



THE ACTINOMYCETES, Vol. II 



strain of S. fradiae. Krassilnikov (1949) 

 considered it as a synonym of S. coelicolor. 

 Type culture: IMRU 3030. 



241. Streptomyces violaceus (Gasperini, 

 1X91, emend. Krassilnikov) Waksman (Gas- 

 perini, G. Centr. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., 

 Abt. I 15: 084, 1894; Krassilnikov, X. A. 

 Actinomycetales. Izvest. Akad. Xank. SSSR, 

 Moskau, p. 15, 1941). 



Morphology: Aerial hyphae long, straight, 

 seldom branching; also short, branched 



hyphae. Sporophores produce open, sinis- 

 trorse spirals with 2 to 3 coils. Spores spheri- 

 cal and oval (Fig. 48). 



Agar media: Substrate growth lichenoid, 

 at tiist red, becoming red-blue, finally 

 purple- violet. Some cultures produce fa I 

 droplets in the colony, pigmented red or 

 purple. Aerial mycelium white to gray, pro- 

 duced poorly or not at all; some substrates, 

 like cellulose, paraffin, or fats, favor forma- 

 tion of aerial mycelium. Different pigments 



«4 

 3 



i 



Figure 48. Sporophores and spores of >s\ violaceus, grown for II days on glucose-asparagine agar 

 iop, hyphae); for S days on yeast-glucose agar (bottom left, sporophore); for 1 days on potato agar 

 (bottom right, spores) x 13,500 (Reproduced from: Lechevalier, II. A. and Tikhonienko, A. S. Mikro- 

 biologiya 29: 43-50, I960). 



