)ESCRIPTION OF SPECIES OF STREPTOMYCES 



285 



arc formed in different media and under dif- 

 ferent conditions of growth. Pigments dis- 

 solved in medium do not change with 

 reaction. 



Sucrose nit rale agar: ( rrowtb dark brown. 

 Aerial mycelium white. Soluble pigmenl lie- 

 comes violet to dark violet . 



Potato: Growth red-brown to la-own. 

 Aerial mycelium, if present, white. Soluble 

 pigmenl grayish-1 >r< >wn . 



Gelatin: Aerial mycelium white. Liquefac- 

 tion slow. Soluble pigment gray-brown. 



Milk: Growth-grayish brown. Coagulation 

 questionable; peptonization slow. 



Starch: Hydrolysis weak. 



Cellulose: Growth weak, violet. Aerial 

 mycelium light gray. 



Nitrate reduction: Positive. 



Sucrose: Rapid inversion. 



Pigment: According to Kriss (1936), the 

 pigmenl is soluble in water and in 96 per 

 cent alcohol. 



Melanin: According to Hoffmann (1958), 

 this species is melanin-positive. 



Antagonistic properties: Exerts strong 

 antagonistic effect upon various gram-posi- 

 tive bacteria. 



Remarks: According to Krassilnikov, this 

 species includes .1. violacea Rossi-Doria, .1. 

 violaceus-caesari Waksman and Curtis, Ac- 

 tinomyces 103 and 109 Lieske; also A. 

 incanescens Wollenweber and A. brasiliensis 

 Lindenberg (the last is probably a Nocardia). 

 A subspecies, A. violaa us chromogenes is also 

 included. Some of the cultures described by 

 Gause et al. (1957) may also be included 

 here, such as .1. lateritius, A. roseoviolaceus, 

 A. violaceorectus, A. viridoviolaceus, and .1. 

 violaceus var. mhcscens. 



Type culture: [MRU 3497. 



242. Streptomyces virgatus (Krassilnikov) 

 Waksman (Krassilnikov, X. A. Actino- 

 mycetales. Izvest. Akad. Xauk, SSSIi. 

 Moskau, p. 32, 1941). 



Morphology: Sporophores short, in form 



of tufts. Spirals produced rarely. Spore- 

 cylindrical, elongated ; in some st rains round 

 to oval. 



Agar media: Substrate growth yellow- 

 green to citron-yellow or pure yellow; on 

 some media pale green. Pigment insoluble. 

 Some strains produce a brown substance in 

 protein media. Aerial mycelium weakly de- 

 veloped, white or pale yellow . 



( lelatin: Liquefaction rapid. 



Milk: Coagulation and peptonization 

 rapid. 



Starch: Hydrolysis rapid. 



Cellulose: Xo growth. 



Sucrose: Inversion. 



Nitrate reduction : Positive. 



Antagonistic properties: None. 



Habitat: Soil. 



243. Streptomyces virginim Grundy et r//., 

 1952 (Grundy, W. E., Whitman, A. L., 

 Rdzok, E. .1., Hanes, M. Iv, and Sylvester, 

 .1. C. Antibiotics A: Chemotherapy 2: 399 



408, 11)52). 



Morphology: Sporophores usually 

 straight ; occasionally spirals are observed at 

 or near the tips of the hyphae. Spores cylin- 

 drical, 1.1 to 1.5 by 0.75 to L.0/i. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth sparse, 

 cream-colored. Aerial mycelium light gray- 

 ish-lavender. Xo soluble pigment. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth sparse, 

 cream-colored to light brown. Xo aerial my- 

 celium. 



Calcium malate agar: Growth abundant, 

 cream-colored. Aerial mycelium white, be- 

 coming tinged with grayish-pink to lavender. 



Nutrient agar: Growth sparse, white, 

 turning cream-colored to light brown. Aerial 

 mycelium white, turning light grayish-pink 

 to lavender. Soluble pigment light brown. 



Oatmeal agar: Growth abundant, cream- 

 colored, turning golden brown. Aerial my- 

 celium abundant, light rose, turning lavender 

 and gray. Soluble pigmenl pale yellow, turn- 

 in"; light brown. 



