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THE ACTINOMYCETES, Vol. II 



5. Streptomyces thermoviolaceus Henssen, 

 L957 (Henssen, A. Arch. Mikrobiol. 26: 373- 



11 1, 1957). 



Morphology: Substrate mycelium slightly 

 branched. Sporophores curved, 20 to 40 m 

 long. Spores oval, 1.0 to 1.2 by 1.2 to 1.0 jj.. 

 Facultative aerobe. 



Synthetic agar: Growth slight. Sporo- 

 phores ochre-brown. Aerial mycelium white 

 to violet-gray. 



Glycerol-asparagine agar: Growth yellow. 

 Aerial mycelium abundant. Soluble pigment 

 violet . 



Nutrient agar: Growth good. No aerial 

 mycelium. 



Cellulose-dextrin agar: Growth slight. 

 Aerial mycelium produced. 



Potato: Growth good, black-violet. Aerial 

 mycelium white. Soluble pigment dark 

 violet. 



Starch: Rapid hydrolysis. 



Nitrate reduction: Negative. 



Milk: Coagulation rapid; peptonization 

 rapid. 



Gelatin: Growth orange-yellow. Lique- 

 faction positive. Soluble pigment produced. 



Habitat : Fresh horse or swine manure. 



Remarks: This species was divided by 

 Henssen into two subspecies: (a) pingens, 

 producing a violet pigment on potato; (b) 

 apingens, producing no pigment on potato. 



(i. Streptomyces thermovulgaris Henssen, 

 1957 (Henssen, A. Arch. Mikrobiol. 26: 373- 

 414, 1957). 



Morphology: Mycelium shows little 

 branching. Sporophores produce spirals, 20 

 to 40 /x long. Spores oval, 1 .0 to 1 .2 by 1.1 to 

 1.5 fi. Facultative aerobe. 



Sucrose nitrate agar: Growth slight. 

 Aerial mycelium present or absent. 



Glycerol-asparagine agar: Growth mod- 

 erate to good. Aerial mycelium white to 

 black-violet. 



Nutrient agar: Growth good, colorless. 

 Aerial mycelium violet-gray. No soluble 

 pigment. 



Cellulose-dextrin agar: Growth good. 

 Aerial mycelium produced. 



Potato: Growth good in places. Aerial 

 mycelium white to gray in spots. Soluble 

 pigment often black. 



Starch: Rapid hydrolysis. 



Nitrate reduction: Positive. 



Milk: Rapidly coagulated and peptonized. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction varies. 



Temperature: Grows well at 40-50°C, 

 somewhat better under anaerobic than 

 aerobic conditions. At 28°C growth slight ; 

 at ()0°C growth moderate. No aerial myce- 

 lium at 28°C; slight aerial mycelium at 60°C. 



Habitat: Fresh compost and fresh horse 

 manure. 



Genus Thermomonospora 



The type species is Thermomonospora fusca 

 (Waksman et al.) Henssen. 



These organisms produce colorless or 

 yellow growth on agar media. Substrate 

 mycelium nonseptated. The aerial myce- 

 lium is sharply limited and white. Aerial 

 hyphae are simple or branched, developing 

 as side or terminal branches on the substrate 

 hyphae. The spores are formed singly on 

 simple or branched sporophores on the un- 

 branched aerial hyphae. Spore formation is 

 acropetal. Gram-positive. Not acid-fast. 

 Thermophilic, facultative aerobes. 



I. Spore-masses produced in form of a head or 

 a hunch of grapes. 



2. Thermomonospora fusca 

 II. Spore-masses spiked or entangled. 



3. Thermomonospora lineata 



III. Spores mostly single on simple or branched 

 sporophores. 



1. Thermomonospora curvala 



1 . Thermomonospora curvaia Henssen, 

 1957 (Henssen, A. Arch. Mikrobiol. 26: 373- 

 114, 1957). 



Morphology: Aerial hyphae 30 to 50 n 

 long. Mass of spores clumped or hairy. 

 Spores round, 1.2 to 1.8 y.. 



Agar media: Colonies colorless or yellow. 



