54 BULLETIN 95, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



a*. Caudal peduncle with median keel ; a small keel above and one below this ; 



pectoral usually inserted below eye. 



b\ Teeth of jaws slender, subconical, little, if at all, compressed ; gillrakers 



numerous; corselet distinct; pectorals inserted low; vomer toothless; 



palatines with a single row of rather strong conical teeth — Sarda, p. 55. 



5*. Teeth of jaws strong, subtriangular or knife-like, more or less compressed ; 



villiform teeth on vomer and palatines; gillrakers comparatively few; 



pectorals inserted near level of eye ; body elongate — Scomberomorus, p. 55. 



Genus SCOMBER Linnaeus. 

 78. SCOMBER JAPONICUS Houttnyn. 



CABALLA. 

 Plate 5, fig. 1. 



Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, Verh. Holland. Maatsch. Weet., vol. 20, pi. 2, 

 1782, p. 331 ; Japan. — Jordan and Evermann, Fishes Hawaiian Islands, 

 Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., vol. 23, pt. 1, 1903, p. 169.— Snodgrass and 

 Heller, Shore Fishes Galapagos Islands, Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 

 vol. 6, 1905, p. 360. — Starks, Fishes from Ecuador and Peru, Proc. 

 U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 30, 1906, p. 783.— Evermann and Kendall, A 

 Comparison of the Chub-Mackerels of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, 

 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 38, 1910, pp. 327-328. 



Scomber colias Abbott, Marine Fishes of Peru, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 

 1899, p. 344. — Delfin, Cat. Peces de Chile, 1901, p. 49. — Steindachner, 

 Herpet-ichthyol., Ergebnisse einer Reise nach Sudamerika, Denkscher. 

 Akad. Wiss. Wien., vol. 72, 1902, p. 37 (not of Gmelin). 



One specimen, field No. 09167, 23.8 cm. in length, from Chimbote, 

 taken with a hook and line near the pier; and one specimen, field, 

 No. 09519, 25 cm. in length, from Lobos de Tierra. Head 3.22 in 

 length ; depth 4.5 ; eye 3.6 in head ; snont 3.22 ; maxillary 2.5 ; inter- 

 orbital 4.73; pectoral 2.36; distance from tip of snout to origin of 

 first dorsal 2.57 in length ; distance from first dorsal to origin of 

 second dorsal 3.33; distance from tip of lower jaw to base of ventral 

 2.66; D. IX-I, Il-I-I-I-I-I ; A. I-I, II-I-I-I-I-I ; scales about 

 16-210-34; gillrakers long and slender, 12+28, longest 1.6 in eye; 

 each gillraker is armed with long slender teeth. Spinous dorsal 

 high, third dorsal spine highest, 2.41 in head; caudal forked; ven- 

 trals short, 2.96 in head ; pectorals short. 



Color in alcohol, back bluish with 25 to 30 wavy, dark-blue streaks 

 extending down to middle of side; below these numerous dark spots, 

 belly pale silvery; axil of pectoral black; area around base of 

 spinous dorsal crossed by 6 narrow black bands. 



This species is distinct from the Atlantic form. Scomber colias 

 Gmelin, as has been shown by Evermann and Kendall. 



