FISHES OF WEST COAST OF PERU. 97 



125. CYNOSCION STOLZMANNI (Steindachner). 



Otolithus stolzmanni Steindachner, Neue und Seltene Fische Arten k.k. 



Zool. Miis., Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 41, 1879, p. 35, pi. 2, 



fig. 1 ; Tumbes, Peru. 

 Cynoscion stolzmanni Jordan and Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 1881, 



p. 320. — Jordan and Evermann, Fishes North and Mid. Amer., vol. 2, 



1898, p. 1412. — Abbott, Marine Fishes of Peru, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 



Phila., 1899, p. 354. 



126. CYNOSCION PHOXOCEPHALUS Jordan and Gilbert. 



Cynoscion phoxocephalum Jordan and Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 

 1881, p. 318; Panama. 



Cynoscion phoxocephalus Jordan and Evermann, Fishes North and Mid. 

 Amer., vol. 2, 1898, p. 1413. — Gilbert and Starks, Fishes of Panama 

 Bay, Mem. California Acad. Sci., vol. 4, 1904, p. 120. 



One example, field No. 1036, 29.5 cm. long, from Capon, near 

 Tumbes. 



Head 3 in length ; depth 4.46 ; eye 6.46 in head ; snout 4 ; maxillary 

 2.4; interorbital 4.93; pectoral 2; D. IX-I, 21; A. Ill, 10; scales 

 18-90-15, pores about 60. Body moderately elongate fusiform; 

 head conical, little compressed, profile from tip of lower jaw to 

 origin of dorsal nearly straight; mouth large, oblique, maxillary 

 reaching to below posterior border of orbit; teeth differing in no 

 essential characters from those of other species of Cynoscion; as 

 stated by Gilbert and Starks, " the premaxillary teeth are in a band 

 throughout, which contain everywhere more than two series. Along 

 the sides of the jaw the outer series consists of stronger conical teeth 

 which are scarcely larger than those behind them. Anteriorly the 

 band widens and bears along its posterior edge a cc?nverging pair of 

 small canines. The mandibular band is widest near the symphysis, 

 where it consists of three series, those of the outer series some- 

 what stronger than the others. Laterally the band rapidly nar- 

 rows, at first to two series, the inner of strong conical teeth, the 

 outer very small; then the outer series disappears, those of the re- 

 maining series increasing in size toward the angle of the mouth." 



Dorsal fins separate, the spines of the first dorsal slender, the third 

 and fourth longest, reaching nearly to tip of last spine; second 

 dorsal rather low, scaleless ; anal moderate, the spines small ; ventrals 

 short, 2 in head; pectorals rather narrow, equal to ventrals. Scales 

 small, regular in arrangement, transverse rows above lateral line 

 very oblique; scales on cheek large, imbedded, covered with a trans- 

 parent skinlike covering, those on top of head small, crowded; 

 lateral line with a very slight arch anteriorly, becoming straight 

 above vent, scales enlarged but covered with smaller scales. 



Color in alcohol : Silvery brown ; fins brownish ; inside of opercle 

 black; a blackish humeral area concealed by gillcover. 



