FISHES OF WEST COAST OF PERU. 101 



Genus SCIAENA (Artedi) Linnaeus, 



THE BLACK DRUMS. 



KEY TO SPECIES. 



ft\ Transverse rows of scales above lateral line 50 to 55 ; head 2.75 to 3 in 

 length. 

 &\ D. IX or X, I, 25 ; scales 13-53-20 ; opercle ending in broad, truncate, 



centrarchid-like flaps; eye 4.5 to 5.25 in head fasciata, p. 101. 



h\ D. IX or X, I, 22 or 23 ; scales 7-53-12 ; eye5.5 to 6 inheaddeMcioso., p. 102. 

 flA Transverse rows of scales above lateral line 60 to 85 ; head 3.2 to 3.4 in 

 length. 



c\ Eye moderate, 5.5 to 6.25 in head ; scales 11-60-15 ^-gilberti, p. 103. 



c^ Eye small, 7.5 to 11 in head ; transver.se rows of scales above lateral 



line more than 65. 



<f. Eye very small, 9.5 to 11 in head, 3 in snout; depth less than length 



of head ; transverse rows of scales above lateral line 68-Starksi, p. 104. 



d'. Eye larger, 7.5 in head, 2 in snout ; depth equal to length of head ; 



rows of scales in lateral line (reported) 85 wemeri, p. 105. 



129. SCIAENA FASCIATA (Tschudi). 

 GALLINAZO. 



Cheilotrema fasciatum Tschudi, Fauna Peruana, Ichth., 1845, p. 13, pi. 1 ; 

 Caleta of Chancay, between Callao and Huacho. 



Corvina fasciata Gtjnther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 2, 1860, p. 305. — 

 Steindachner, Ichth. Notizen, vol. 7, 1868, p. 21. 



Sciaena fasciata Jordan and Eigenmann, Review of Sciaenidae, Rep. U. S. 

 Fish Comm., 1886 (1889), pp. 403, 407.— Abbott, Marine Fishes of 

 Peru, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899, p. 356. — Delfin, Cat. Peces 

 de Chile, 1901, p. 69. — Stares, Fishes from Ecuador and Peru, Proc. 

 U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 30, 1906, p. 793. 



One example, field No. 09164, 27.5 cm. long, from Chimbote. 



Head, including flap, 3 in length ; depth 2.6 ; eye 5.2 in head ; snout 

 8.7; maxillary 3.12; interorbital 3.2; width of broad centrarchid-like 

 opercular flap above opercular base 3; pectoral 1.56; ventrals 1.47; 

 D. IX, I, 25 ; A. II, 9 ; P. 18 ; scales 13-53-20, those above lateral line 

 in very oblique rows. 



Body short, deep, the back elevated, anterior profile very steep 

 and rounded; head high, ending in a broad, truncate opercular flap; 

 snout short, blunt, very high, projecting slightly beyond tip of 

 mandible ; eye small, less than interorbital width, 1.4 in snout ; mouth 

 small, inferior, slightly oblique ; maxillary reaching to below middle 

 of pupil; lips papillose; teeth in broad bands in each jaw, the outer 

 row on the premaxillaries somewhat enlarged; vertical border of 

 preopercle nearly smooth, a few small fleshy serrations present ; gill- 

 rakers very short and stout, armed with small spine-like prickles, 

 4+8, the last rudimentary. 



Scales on head and body strongly ctenoid, the transverse rows on 

 body very oblique; membranes of soft-rayed fins densely scaly to 

 40656°— Bull. 95—17 8 



