(>82 CRIMINAL ANTHROPOLOGY. 



contract or proof of deatb, or to certify the identity of a dead person, 

 or one badly wounded or disfigured, the body liaviu;; been i)artially 

 destroyed or bad become ditiicult to recoj^iiize in case of a sudden or 

 violent deatb, the result of a crime, an accident, a shipwreck, a battle, 

 how great would be the advantage of being able to trace these charac- 

 ters, unchangeable in each individual, inlinitely variably as between 

 one individual and another, indelible, in great i)art, even in deatb. 



There is still more cause to occupy oneself with it if it is a question 

 of identifying distant i)ersons or after the lapse of a considerable time 

 when the general appearance, the look, the features, and the physical 

 habits have changed naturally or artificially, and that without moving 

 or expense, by the simple exchange of a few notes or figures sent from 

 one country to another, from one continent to another, to be able to 

 know in America what sort of a man it is who has just arrived from 

 France, and to show clearly whether a certain traveler one finds in 

 Rome is the same person that one measured in Stockholm 10 years 

 before. 



In one word to fix tbe human personality, give to each human being 

 an identity, an individuality lasting, unchangeable, always recogniz- 

 able, easily proved, this ai)pears to be the extended aim of the new 

 method. 



It may consequently be said that the extent of the problem, as well 

 as the importance of its solution, far exceeds the limits of penitentiary 

 work, and the interest, not inconsiderable, which final action bas exer- 

 cised amongst various nations. These are the motives for giving to the 

 labors of M. Bertillon and their jjractical utilization, the publicity they 

 merit. 



Question XIX. — Correctional education — reforms in accordance with 

 our knowledge of biolog}^ and of sociology and their relations to crime. 

 Dr. Motet, reporter. 



Dr. Motet, in accordance with M. Dalifol, presented tbe necessity for 

 a considerable development in moral education as well as professional. 

 Especially should this be so in the agricultural schools, and M. Van 

 Hamel came to their aid in showing the success which had attended 

 tbe moral education in his country of Holland. 



Question XXI. — The relation between mental degeneration and sim- 

 ulation of insanity. Dr. Paul Gamier, reporter. 



The boundary between crime and insanity is very narrow and one 

 which gives to the medical Jurist sometimes the greatest difficulty. It 

 is here that the real criminal will simulate insanity before the courts 

 in order to escape the responsibility of his acts, and here is to be found 

 the greatest number of the simulators. The degenerate individual, he 

 who has come to be of a lower scale, whether mentally or i)sychologic- 

 ally, is closely related to and liable to become either epileptic or hys- 

 teric. If he shall simulate either one of these or tbe insanity growing 



