SECRETARY'S REPORT 57 



Most major sites in this reservoir, however, are proving to be in 

 the multiple-component category with several time levels represented. 

 The stratification is usually gradational rather than sharply demar- 

 cated, hence the digging is by arbitrary levels. At sites favorably 

 located on the terrace points near stream junctions, underlying Early 

 Woodland and Archaic manifestations usually will be definitely iden- 

 tifiable, though not sharply separable, at depths of 2.0-5.0 feet below 

 the present surface. The following are the most important sites in- 

 vestigated during the fall season : 



The Spann's Landing site, 1HE34, is located in Alabama 3 miles 

 above the dam axis, in a loop of the Chattahoochee River opposite 

 Grace's Bend, and a little more than a mile below the Mandeville 

 Mound site (ICLAI) ^ in Clay County, Ga. This site extends for 

 more than 800 feet along the crest of a low natural levee, with the 

 greatest concentration of material at the north or upstream end. 

 A series of 14 squares 10-x-lO feet were laid out there in two rows, 

 so spaced as to give an adequately distributed sampling. Of the 

 14 squares, 8 pits were actually dug, to varying depths down to 5.0 

 feet. There is a sparse overlay of brushed pottery, indicating some 

 use of the area during the Late Creek period, but the most intense 

 occupation was during Mississippian times, and probably fairly early 

 Mississippian times, as indicated by the pottery remains. One pro- 

 ductive cache pit yielded parts of several pots of the Pinellas arcaded 

 ware ("pumpkin pot," "melon pot"), a type described from Florida 

 and attributed to a late peripheral Mississippian manifestation. It 

 is, however, considered diagnostic of a possibly earlier Mississippian 

 period as described by Caldwell for the great Eood's Landing site 

 (9SW1), 30 miles farther north, and the Mississippian cap on the 

 large Mandeville Mound (Stark's Clay Landing, 9CLA1), as reported 

 by McMichael and Kellar. Along the Chattahoochee the arcaded pots 

 with temper and handle variants may have a much longer time range, 

 apparently continuous, than in Florida, extending back to the earlier 

 Macon Plateau period, with the Singer-Moye site (9SW2), south of 

 Lumpkin on the headwaters of Pataula Creek, one of the earliest 

 major sites. At depths of 2.5-4.0 feet below the present surface at 

 Spann's Landing, fiber-tempered pottery comparable to the Stallings 

 Island and Orange Plain types of the latest Archaic and earliest 



* Site designations used by the River Basin Surveys are trinomial in char- 

 acter, consisting of symbols for State, County, and site. The State is indicated 

 by the first number, according to the numerical position of the State name in 

 an alphabetical list of the United States ; thus, for example, 32 indicates North 

 Dakota, 39 indicates South Dakota. Counties are designated by a two-letter 

 abbreviation; for example, ME for Mercer County, MN for Mountrail County, 

 etc. The final number refers to the specific site within the indicated State 

 and County. 



