486 THE PRIMITIVE HOME OF THE ARYANS. 



population is still that of the broad shouldered, long-headed blondes 

 who served as models for the Drying Gladiator. And it is in southern 

 Scandinavia alone that the pre-historic tumuli and burying-gronnds 

 yield hardly any other skeletons than those of the same tall dolicho- 

 cephalic race which still inhabits the country. Elsewhere such skele- 

 tons are either wanting or else mixed with the remains of other races. 

 It is therefore reasonable to conclude that it was from southern Scan- 

 dinavia that those bands of hardy warriors originally emerged, who 

 made their way southward and westward and even eastward, the Kelts 

 of Galatia penetrating like the Phrygians before them into the heart 

 of Asia Minor. The Norse migrations in later times were even more 

 extensive, and what the Norse Vikings were able to achieve could 

 have been achieved by their ancestors centuries before. 



Now the Kelts and Teutons of the Boman age spoke Indo-European 

 languages. It is more probable that the subject populations should 

 have been compelled to learn the language of their conquerors than 

 that the conquerors should have taken the trouble to learn the language 

 of their serfs. We know at any rate that it was so in Ireland. Here 

 the old "Ivernian" population adopted the language of the small band 

 of Keltic invaders that settled in its midst. It is only where the con- 

 quered possess a higher civilization than the conquerors, above all, 

 where they have a literature and an organized form of religion, that 

 Franks will adapt their tongues to Latin speech, or Manchus learn to 

 speak Chinese. Moreover in southern Scandinavia where we have 

 archaeological evidence that the tall blonde race was scarcely at any 

 time in close contact with other races, it is hardly possible for it to have 

 borrowed its language from some other people. The Indo-European 

 languages still spoken in the country must, it would seem, be descended 

 from languages spoken there from the earliest period to which the evi- 

 dence of human occupation reaches back. The conclusion is obvious: 

 Southern Scandinavia and the adjacent districts must be the first home 

 and starting-point of the Western branch of the Indo-European family. 



If we turn to the Eastern branch, we find that the farther east we go 

 the fainter become the traces of the tall blonde race and the greater is 

 the resemblance between the speakers of Indo-European languages and 

 the native tribes. In the highlands of Persia, tall, long-headed blondes 

 with blue eyes can still be met with, but as we approach the hot plains 

 of India the type grows rarer and rarer until it ceases altogether. An 

 Indo-European dialect must be spoken in India by a dark-skinned [teo- 

 ple before it can endure to the third and fourth generation. As we 

 leave the frontiers of Europe behind us we lose sight of the race with 

 which Dr. Penka's arguments would tend to connect the jiarent speech 

 of the Indo-European family. 



I can not now follow him in the interesting comparison he draws be- 

 tween the social condition of the southern Scandinavians as disclosed 

 by the contents of the prehistoric "kitchen maidens," and the social 



