USEFUL ALGAE — CHASE 423 



In Honolulu, the chief market in Hawaii, the annual sales for 1 year 

 amounted to about 5,000 pounds, selling at about $2,500, This limu 

 consisted of Kohu, Asparagopsis sanfordiana^ limu ele-ele, Entero- 

 morpha spp., and limu-o-olu, Chondria tenuissima. Hawaii's pre- 

 ponderant oriental population uses large quantities of the seaweed. 



In the Philippines, especially in the northern provinces of Luzon, 

 seaweeds are commonly boiled and mixed with vegetables. In the 

 Bicol regions the algae belonging to the Caulerpa group, are used 

 chiefly. In Ilocos, Cagayan, and La Union Provinces, the seaweeds 

 are eaten raw as salads. The following are some of the edible vari- 

 eties found in Ilocos and Cagayan Provinces: Aganthopera orien- 

 tates, Caulerpa racemosa var. ii/uifera, C. sertulariodis, C. Freyciw 

 netti, probably G. peltata but possibly a form of G. cherrmitzia, 

 Ghaetomorpha, Enteromorpha, Gracilaria^ Hydroclathrus cancel- 

 latus, Hypnea (near H. nidifica) , and Sargassum. 



Some of the edible varieties found in La Union Province are 

 Aghardiella sp., Fucus, commonly found in Manila Bay, Ghaeto- 

 morpha crassa (Ag.) Kutz, G odium tenue Kutz, Enteromorpha in- 

 testindles, Eucheuma spinosum (L.) J. Ag., Gracilaria confervoides 

 L. Grev., Gracilaria crassa Harv., Halmenia formosa Harv., Liagora 

 cheuneana Harv., and Sargassum siliquosv/m. 



In Guam, the natives use some of the gelatinous forms for making 

 blanc mange, according to Safford. 



Some of the passerine birds use their saliva to glue together the 

 feathers and twigs with which they build their nests. This habit 

 points to the extraordinary ability of the sea swift Gallocalia of the 

 Far East which is able during its mating season to secrete enough 

 saliva to form a nest of consolidated salivary juice. (See pi. 5, 

 figs. 1, 2.) If the nest is destroyed in any way and has to be re- 

 built by the sea swift, it usually weaves in bits of seaweed which 

 led to the supposition by the early French scientists that the nests 

 were made of jellylike seaweed. The nest is shaped like a shallow 

 half of a small cup and is fixed against the walls of cliffs and caves 

 by the seashore on the islands of the Indian Archipelago, especially 

 in caves on the shore of Java. Some of them look like frosted sugar 

 and consist principally of mucins. Over 3I/2 millon of them used 

 to be sent from Borneo to China in 1 year as the Chinese connois- 

 seurs in foods considered that they contained remarkable aphrodisiac 

 qualities and would pay a king's ransom for them. They formed 

 the stock for the famous bird's-nest soup of the Occident. When the 

 nest is stolen or destroyed the swift makes a substitute nest of in- 

 ferior quality, of a yellow color which is very obviously eked out 

 with seaweed. The alga found most frequently in these nests is 



