METEOROLOGY IN RUSSIA. 



291 



(1) Alaska: 



Sitka 



(2) Eastern Asia : 



Pekin 



Ocbotsk, Ajan, STcolajevsk 



Mines of N ertscliinsk 



(3) Central and West Siberia : 



Jakutsk 



Barnaiil 



Tobolsk, Tara, Tscbim 



Bog-oslowsk and Berezov 



(4) Central and Nortbern Paissia : 



WelikiFstjug, Glazov, Slobodskoi 



Ardatov, Balachua, Gorbatov, Tambov, Sim- 

 birsk, Wolsk 



Anandiis, Keval, Baltiscbijort, Kiga 



Tozki, Kaluga 



(5) Southern Russia : 



Kursk, Orel 



Sudscba, Lugan, Catberinbosburg 



Odessa, Jlicolojev 



(6) Soutbeastern Steppes: 



Astracban, Pt. Alexander, Uralsk 



Eaimsk, Kasalinsk, and Port Porovski 



(7) Caspian : 



Baku, Lenkoran, Asbur-Ade 



28 26 



28 



63 



74 71 



30 



24 34 

 20 24 



40 



The contrasting climates are those of European Eussia and Eastern 

 Asia, the first having the greatest amount of cloud generally in Decem- 

 ber, the last in July or August. The greatest part of Siberia is a land 

 of transition, haying the least amount of cloud in March and the great- 

 est in October or November. Barnaul has very little cloudiness from 

 February to August, so as to form a transition between the steppes on 

 the southwest, and the countries on the east of it. Yet it must be said 

 that the accuracy of this ' table is not very great, the amount of cloud- 

 iness not being observed in former times in Eussia, and only such des- 

 ignations as clear, cloudy, overcast, &c., being given, and sometimes 

 also the different qualities of clouds, {cirro cionulus,) &c. It seems 

 especially that the amount of cloudiness in Southern Eussia is less than 

 that shown in Wild's table, and the same probably applies to the south- 

 east steppes. In regions where the sky is clear for some weeks together 

 the observers will record " cloudy " if only a few clouds appear, &c. A 

 cloudiness of from 70 to 72 at Odessa and Lugan seems to me quite 

 impossible. 



I have already spoken of the summer winds in the monsoon region. 

 In the region of the southwest winds the change from winter to summer 

 is far less marked, the winds being a little more from the north in sum- 



