324 THE TROGLODYTES. 



They did uot take time to forui their other implements Tvith the same 

 care. 



These fiuely-formed arrow-heads, so common at Upper Laugerie, are 

 not met with in the ulterior localities of the Vezere Valley. It would 

 seem that the manufacture of flint instruments, after improving until 

 the age of Upper Laugerie, then declined. It is astonishing that a people 

 so skillful as the troglodytes of the age of the reindeer have proved them- 

 selves to be, should thus have allowed to perish their fundamental art. 

 But several instruments found in their more recent localities show that 

 they had not lost the secrets of this delicate workmanship, and if they 

 ceased to form arrow-points like those of Upper Laugerie, it was because 

 they no longer needed them. 



A great step had been taken. They had learned to make use of the 

 antlers of the reindeer and the bones of animals. Out of these sub- 

 stances, more manageable than flint, not so hard undoubtedly, but still 

 sufficiently strong, they manufactured implements for the chase of 

 longer reach and greater precision ; and having learned the value of 

 horn and bone in the coustrnction of such implements, they proceeded 

 to form utensils of all kinds out of the same materials. 



But the reign of flint was uot over. On the contrary, there never had 

 been a greater or more varied assortment of flint instruments ; to those 

 used as weapons, or utensils, had been added a number of small tools, 

 used for working the horns of the reindeer. 



Here was an important evolution in industry. Hitherto the hand 

 alone had been used in forming the manufactured substance, but now a 

 secondary means was employed. Tools were made to use in constructing 

 others. From the earliest times it is true that flint had been used as a 

 means of manufacture. From the commencement of the Stone age it 

 had been employed to cut wood, make piles, clubs, stems of lances, and 

 arrows. Nor was the idea of substituting the hard parts of animals for 

 stone any newer, for, in the ancient station of Cromagnon, several arrow- 

 points of deer-horn, and even of ivory, have been found. What was pe- 

 culiar to the period we are entering upon, was the creation of a kind of 

 tool, which did not directly minister to the necessities of life, but was 

 intended to facilitate and perfect the fabrication of the instruments in 

 use. It was the commencement of that division of labor which later 

 increased a hundred fold the power of man, and brought nature under 

 his subjection. 



The use of deer-horn was far advanced in the locality of Gorge D'Eu- 

 fer. We find there a large assortment of lances, darts, arrows, bod- 

 kins, needles, »S:c., very well made, but without orna,ment, and the weap- 

 ons for the chase are of very simple form, merely conical points, without 

 barbs. (See Fig. 9.) 



The invention of the barbs is worthy of attention. These recurrent 

 points undoubtedly rendered the weapon more dangerous. The pro- 

 jectile remained fixed in the flesh, and the wounded animal could uot 



