56 THE SPIDERS OF EPPING FOREST. 



The following British species of Pvosthesima have not as yet 

 occurred in Epping Forest : P. longipes, C. L. Koch, P. nigritaf 

 Fabr., P. latveillii, C. L, Koch, P. electa, C. L. Koch, P. latitans, 

 L. Koch, P. lutetiana, L. Koch, and P. rustica, L. Koch. 



Genus GNAPHOSA, Latreille. 



The spiders included in this genus are very similar in struc- 

 ture and colouring to Dvassus. Four species, all more or less 

 rare, are recorded as British, but none have been taken in the 

 Forest. The species are as follows : G. lugiibris, C. L. Koch, 

 G. lucifitga, Walck., G. anglica, Cb., and G. snspecta, Cb. 



Family CLUBIONIDAE, 

 [Drassidae, Cambr. List, ad partem.'] 



Cephalo-thornx oval (exotic exceptions), seldom greatly attenuated in front, 

 where it is usually broadly truncated : longitudinal impression usually present 

 (British and exotic exceptions) : lateral impressions usually present, but often 

 almost obsolete. Eyes 8 distinctly heterogeneous, the anterior centrals of the 

 diurnal and the remainder of the nocturnal type, arranged in two rows of which 

 the posterior is usually the longer : the figure formed by the four central eyes is 

 broader than long. Octiiar area much wider than long, often occupying nearly 

 the whole width of the caput. Clypeus narrow. Falces strong, usually vertical 

 (British and exotic exceptions), cylindro-conical, always with a strong basal 

 protuberance : fang long, curved : fang groove oblique with several denticulations. 

 Labium free, slightly constricted laterally at base, a little attenuated, truncated or 

 even excavated at extremity, but not recurved. Sternum almost flat, usually oval 

 or cordiform. Maxillae flat or convex, almost alwavs without anv transverse 

 impression, internally straight or else somewhat inclined towards the labium, 

 externally often somewhat excavated in front of the point of insertion of the 

 palpus, which is usually rather beyond the middle. Palpus. Female : with a 

 tenninal claw, which is sometimes simple and sometimes pectinate. Male : tibia 

 with an apoph3'sis at its superior exterior angle ; tarsus oval, enclosing the palpal 

 organs, which are neither very complex nqr highly developed. Legs neither very 

 long nor very strong, varying in their relative lengths in different genera : coxae 

 almost equal (exotic exceptions) : tarsal claws 2, strong and pectinated. 

 Abdomen varying much in different genera. Spinners prominent, situated at the 

 extremity of the abdomen; inferiors close together at their bases, superiors often 

 a little smaller than inferiors ; medians usuallv verv much smaller than the rest. 

 Tube tracheal openings not conspicuous, situated immediately in front of the 

 spinners. Female genital aperture furnished with epigynal plates which in some 

 cases are highly developed but in others are almost rudimentary. 



The Clubionidae are spiders of moderate size usually of a 

 yellow, yellowish brown or dull brown colour, in some cases with 

 a well marked abdominal pattern, but this is the exception 

 rather tlian the rule. They spin no snare, but secrete themselves 

 in silken tubes beneath stones, under loose bark, in roUed-up 



