THE ESSEX FIELD CLUB. 249 



The party was driven back in the evening down the coach road to Ponder's 

 End, and so to Chingford. The day was beautifully Ihie, and although the 

 natural history results were very meagre, the excursion was greatly enjoyed by 

 ill! taking part in it. 



VISIT TO THE LIGHT RAILWAY BETWEEN KELVEDON 



AND TOLLESBURY, ESSEX. 

 Saturday, July 4Th, 1903. 



This meeting was held in conjunction with the Geologists' Association, and 

 was under the direction of ]Mr. T. V. Holmes, F.G.S., who has kindly furnished 

 the following report : — 



The visit was to that portion of the railway which lies between Kelvedon and 

 Tiptree, by the kind permission of Messrs. Walter Scott and Middleton, the 

 ■contractors for the line. 



Its northern end is close to Kelvedon Railway Station, and its course, for 

 about the first 300 yards, is close to the G.E.R. line, and on its southern side. 

 Then the Liglit Railway crosses Peering Hill about 350 yards south-west of the 

 junction with the road to In worth and Tiptree, and ranges in a S.S.E. direction, 

 westward of that road, as far as Tiptree, 



The portion of the railway visited is wholly in Sheet 47 of the map of the 

 Geological Survey, and near its south-eastern boundary. The first section 

 observable after leaving Kelvedon Station was where the Light Railway begins 

 to diverge from the G.E.R., and was in reddish gravel. This gravel was seen 

 both north and south of Feeiing Hill, though chiefly northward. At one spot, 

 near the northern end of this gravel-cutting, a little Boulder Clay could be seen 

 beneath the gravel. This Boulder Clay is evidently a portion of the narrow band 

 shown on the map of the Geological Survey in the midst of the post-Glacial 

 gravel of the Blackwater Valley, which is traversed by the Light Railway 

 at this point. In the Memoir on Sheet 47 Mr. W. H. Dalton thus refers to it 

 (p. 67) . 1 



" Between Feering and Kelvedon the gravel has been denuded in such a 

 way that the Boulder Clay is exposed as a narrow belt skirting the brow of the 

 hill." 



Between Feering Hill and Domsey Brook this gravel was the only bed visible. 

 And before leaving it, it may be well to note that on the day of our visit it was 

 well shown, with the Boulder Clay beneath it, in the cutting on the G.E.R. 

 Main Line, close to, but west of, Kelvedon Station, as far as Rolleylane 

 Bridge. 



Crossing Domsey Brook the party entered a cutting wholly in Boulder Clay, 

 which had a length of about 400 yards. From a drain ranging from the northern 

 end of this cutting to the alluvium of Domsey Brook it became obvious that the 

 Boulder Clav extended downwards at least as far as the level of the brook. And 

 the Director, when making some remarks on the local geology from a spot above 

 this cutting, noted the following statement in the memoir on Sheet 47, bearing 

 upon the depth probably attained by the Boulder Clay at this part of the new hne. 

 It refers to a brickfield close to the Inworth Road, about 500 yards eastward, and 

 south of Domsey Brook (p. 62) : — 



lExplanation of Shegt 47 0/ the Map (i-inch) of the Geol. Survey. By W. Whitaker, 

 W. H. Penning, W. H. Dalton, and E. J. Bennett. 



