360 THE fcSSEX FIELD CLUB. 



Also, that Mr. J. T. Winkwortli Inul piesented about 50 specimens of the 

 shells of Helix nemoi-uUs from near Harlow, Essex, serving to show the range of 

 variation in this species in a single locality (see Mr. Wink\vorth's remarks, ante, 

 pp. 256-7). 



Also that Mr. D. Wright had given a small number of insects — Coleoptera, 

 Hymenoptera, and Diptera — some being rare species. 



The thanks of the Club were voted for these conations. 



Ostrea angulata introduced into Essex. — Mr. W. Cole exhibited speci- 

 mens of this small oyster from Portugal, wiiich Dr. Plowright had detected 

 attached to periwinkles sold in the streets in King's Lynn, and which were stated 

 to have come from Southend or Brightlingsea.i 



Crepidula in Essex.- -Also specimens oi Crepidida foniicata, from Colne 

 Point, St. Os\th, proving that this North American shell was extending its range 

 in Essex (see E.N. x, 353). 



Petricola pholadiformis and Accra bullata in Essex. — Mr. W. Cole 

 exhibited specimens of these two molluscs from Walton-Naze, which had been 

 kindly presented by Mr. J. E. Cooper. 



Aberration of the Peacock Butterfly. —Also a specimen of Vanessa to, 

 iib. cyanostica, from the coast at St. Osyth (see "Notes," p. 365). 



Also aberrations of common butterflies taken this season, recorded in the 

 ^' Notes," p. 366. 



Warrants for Killing Deer in Epping Forest. — Mr. Avery exhibited 

 and presented to the Club, for the Epping Forest Museum, two Warrants for 

 killing deer in Epping Forest, dated 18 10. These documents are on view in the 

 Museum. 



Gilberd Meeting at Colchester. — Mr. Walter Crouch gave an interesting 

 description of the proceedings at the unveiling at Colchester on June nth last, 

 of the oil painting representing Dr. Gilbert explaining his electrical experiments 

 before Queen Elizabeth (by Mr. A. Ackland Hunt),iat which he had been present. 



Chiselhurst Chalk Caves. — Mr. T. V. Holmes exhibited a plan, drawn by 

 Mr. T, E. Foster, of the chalk workings at Chiselhurst, and in doing so made 

 some remarks on the nature of the caves, which in his opinion were simply excava- 

 tions for getting chalk, and bore no resemblance to the Deneholes of Essex and 

 JCent. A summary of Mr. Holmes' remarks will appear in the Essex 

 Naturallst. 



Photographs of Fungi.— Mr. C. ^I. Barnard showed by means of the 

 lantern, a short set of excellent photographs of some of the fungi found at the 

 Foray on October 15th last. These photographs had been taken by Mr. F. A. 

 Reichert, and proved the value of photography in recording the " finds " of rare 

 or interesting plants. 



Thanks were voted for these exhibits and ])resentations. 



Lecture, — Mr. D. J. Scourfield, F.R.M.S., then gave a lecture-paper on 

 "Fresh-water Biological research and Biological stations." The paper was 

 illustrated by examples of the apparatus employed and lantern pictures of the 

 principal stations. In his introductory remarks, Mr. Scourfield said that such 

 establishments were the necessary consequence of the marine stations that had 

 been founded, and of the exploring M'ork done by such expeditions as that of the 

 Cliallenger. These had opened up unknown worlds, and accumulated a vast 

 number of fi\cts, which had to be dealt with by specialists. Something more was, 



I See Mr. Fetch's note on p. 364. 



