346 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 19 63 



a cartographic engineer, was assigned to the project from the Aero- 

 nautical Chart and Information Center of the United States Air 

 Force. He brought with him an invahiable knowledge of the working 

 problems of those who map the world from imperfect angular ob- 

 servations. His own interest in satellite tracking grew as he worked 

 with the group, and eventually he became station chief in Argentina. 

 Jed Durrenberger, a senior photomechanical engineer, served as a 

 consultant on the assembly, adjustment, and inspection of the Baker- 

 Numi camera, and in addition, led the Moonwatch team in Las Cruces. 



In the early days of the satellite tracking, at Organ Pass, N. Mex., the 

 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory shared quarters with the 

 Harvard Meteor Project, which was also directed by Dr. Whipple. 

 At one end of the building Smithsonian personnel were preparing for 

 the arrival of the Baker-Nunn camera and its auxiliary equipment; 

 at the other end Charles Tougas, Edward Horine, Gunther Schwartz, 

 and Kenneth Morrison were working on the meteor program and at 

 the same time taking photogi'aphs of Sputnik I with their super- 

 Sclimidt camera. These four knew the night sky with a thoroughness 

 that comes only after many months of intensive observation. Their 

 knowledge became singularly significant in the early development of 

 tracking techniques with the Baker-Nmm camera. Later, Tougas, 

 Morrison, and Horine joined the Smithsonian staff, and each became 

 a station chief. 



In October Martin Burkhead and Walter Lang arrived at Organ 

 Pass to prepare for the shipment of the Baker-Nunn camera and to 

 uncrate and store the supplies of chemicals, fihns, and other materials 

 that would be needed. When the Norrman clock came, they set it up. 

 They erected a prefab powerhouse and put in a 110-volt amplifier, a 

 5-kilowatt generator, and the wiring to the camera house. 



About 2 weeks before the Baker-Nunn arrived at Organ Pass a bad 

 storm took away the roof and one wall of the camera house. With 

 the help of the Harvard Meteor staff, Lang and Burkliead rebuilt the 

 walls and contracted for a new roof, which was installed on Novem- 

 ber 2. The next day they painted the floor. On November 4 the 

 camera and the observers arrived from South Pasadena, Calif. With 

 them came Dr. Henize, who was in charge of the group, and Aubrey 

 Stinnett and James Knight. The training session, which began on 

 November 12 after the camera had been installed, was to last until 

 December 6. 



The men lived at a motel, some 20 miles from the station, owned 

 and operated by George and Irma Duchenki, who were not only host 

 to the group but also father and mother and, when the per diem 

 allowance of the observers did not come through from Cambridge or 

 Wasliington, friendly bankers. 



