WASTES IN THE SEA — WALLEN 399 



Biological problems are the most complex. An evaluation of a waste 

 effluent must identify the populations; learn the life cycles, feeding 

 mechanisms, and nutrient requirements of each species ; study the tol- 

 erance of each species for the various harmful portions of the wastes ; 

 know the physical-chemical parameters and interrelationships of sea 

 water, sediments, and wastes as related to their dilution; and under- 

 stand the optimum balance between the desirable addition of wastes 

 as nutrients and any possible detriment to man's activities. 



Although the number of fascinating research problems is legion, the 

 natures of the problems are so complex that many years will be re- 

 quired to attain a reasonably full understanding of the effects of 

 human and industrial wastes on the ocean and the routes of their re- 

 turn to man. 



SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 



Anonymous. 



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 Abrhenius, G. 



1961. Pelagic sediments. 59 pp. Preprint of monograph for The Sea, Ideas 



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BOWEN, V. T. 



1961. Radioactive isotope studies. Oceanus, vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 20-24, 

 BowEN, V. T., and Sugihara, T. T. 



1963. Cycling and levels of strontium-90, cerium-144, and promethium-147 

 in the Atlantic Ocean. Eadioecology, pp. 135-140. Reinhold Pub- 

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 Carritt, D., et al. 



1959. Radioactive waste disposal into Atlantic and Gulf Coastal waters. 



National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Publ. No. 

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 Chipman, W. a. 



1960. Biological aspects of disposal of radioactive wastes in marine environ- 



ments. 15 pp. Monaco Conference on Disposal of Radioactive 



Wastes. 

 Goldberg, E. D. 



1954, Marine geochemistry I, Chemical scavengers of the sea. Journ. Geol., 



vol. 62, p. 249. 

 Goldberg, E. D., and Koide, M, 



1962. Geochronological studies of deep sea sediments by the ionium- 



thorium method. Geochimica et Cosmochimiea Acta, vol. 26, pp. 

 417-450. 

 Geeendale, a. E., and Ballou, N, E. 



1954. Physical state of fission product elements following their vaporiza- 

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 HoNMA, M., and Greendale, A. 



1958. Preliminary laboratory evaluation of the feasibility of decontaminat- 

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 Laboratory studies on the decontamination of radioactive sea water 

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