THE NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS AT BERLIN. 101 



liuloed, it was an important niomont when the section snlnnittert 

 the first piograninie of the lectnies wliicli contained sncli celebrated 

 names. It was the often -promised seed whicli at last was l)ein<;- sown. 



The stafi" was formed of tifty-eight teachers, of which twenty-four 

 were rej^uhir professors, nine secondary professors, fourteen private 

 lecturers, six members of the academy, and live teachers of modern 

 languages. One hundred and sixteen courses of lectures were an- 

 nounced, of which the theological faculty had ten, the medical thirty- 

 fonr, i)hilosophical sixty-two, and the faculty of law ten. 



The general specialties of science were pretty well represented ; the 

 introduction of German antiquity as a subject for historic philological 

 stud}' was new. Heindorf, in his introductory address, impressively 

 urged on the students the expectations held of them, for the improve- 

 ment of the newly created university. 



By order of September 28, Schmalz was nominated rector, and 

 Schleiermacher, Biener, Ilufeland, and Fichte, deans. On October 1 the 

 section requested the rector to begin matriculations, and on October 

 6 this act was performed on six students. 



On October 10, 1810, upon the invitation of the rector, the first as- 

 sembly took place, at the university building, consisting of sixteen pro- 

 fessors. It was 0])ened by the rector with an address; in place of oath 

 of office he bound the professors to this duty by pressure of hand, where- 

 upon the senate of the university was declared constituted. 



The senate ruled that each faculty should confer honors upon the 

 graduates, and that the use of the lecture-rooms was to be arranged ac- 

 cording to a compensating table. The lectures were set to begin on 

 October 10, to which general rule, however, exceptions were permitted, 

 thus Ilnfeland commenced his lectures and the instructions at the poli- 

 clinical institute on the lotli, Griife on the same day, Fichte on the 

 21st of October, while a few did not commence until the beginning of 

 November. 



As an external mark of distinction the following epigram was pro- 

 posed by Wolf: 



" Universitati Litteraria' Fridericus Guilelmus III rex. A. ci;jioOCC 

 Villi." It was recommended by Dattemann and sanctioned by the 

 King. 



A change in the administration occurred at about the time of the open- 

 ing of the university. By decree of November 20, 1810, a new ])resi- 

 dent was apj^ointed for the departtnent of public instruction, and the 

 decree was communicated to all German universities. The acts of the 

 Berlin University begin with it. It stated : "You will be convinced 

 yourself of the importance which the department of worship and public 

 instruction now intrusted to your keeping exerts upou the welfare of 

 the state and its inhabitants, even upon that of humanity. The object 

 which the section of worship must always have in view is the advance- 

 ment of true religiousness without compulsion or mysterious fanatism, 



