102 THE NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS AT BERLliJ. 



and liberty of consieuce and toleration without public ofifeuse. In its 

 position as leading otlice it should direct its efforts toward enabling all 

 classes to obtain a thorough training in science and general knowledge, 

 and to disseminate clear conception and such opinions as tend to create 

 usefulness in i)ractical life, true patriotism, obedience to and confidence 

 in the (Tovernment and the constitution. Most especially however it 

 should guard against the introduction, into science, of the spirit of ex- 

 clusiveness, which is nowhere more reprehensible than in objects pertain- 

 ing to human knowledge." 



The winter term of 1812-'13 began under increasing excitement. The 

 first news of the destruction, in Eussia, of the French army, reduced 

 the number of participants to the lectures. Teachers and pupils were 

 seized by irresistible desire to regain the fatherland and its most holy 

 possessions. 



On Februarys, the King called his people to arms; the word had been 

 given and all restraint ceased ; the lectures were abandoned, many pro- 

 fessors dismissing their pupils with impressive words. On March 28, 

 Schleiermacher read from the pulpit the King's " call to arms." 



Quiet again reigned in the halls of learning ; as far as the excitement 

 permitted, the remainder recommenced their labors. In the bulletin 

 of March 18, the rector announced, that notwithstanding the small num- 

 ber of students remaining — most of them being foreigners — the lectures 

 interrupted during the exciting days would be resumed in the coming 

 summer. Only fifteen professors resumed their lectures. 



Upon the re-entry at Berlin, on March 31, 1814, of the returning vic- 

 tors, the thought at once was expressed to erect a monument to the 

 memory of those who had perished for the good of the country. On 

 July 16, the senate resolved to engrave their names upon a monument 

 to be erected in the large hall. 



The University however gave a further proof of its appreciation and 

 gratitude, by conferring the honorary doctor title upon the following: 



Hardenberg — patriae in discrimine positae sospitatorum felicissimum; 

 Bliicher — Germanicte libertatis vindicem acessimum, glorias Borussica? 

 recuperatorum in victum, felicem, immortatum, Taueuzien, York, Kleist, 

 Billow, — victoriis, prteclarissimis depatrisimmortaliter meritos, German- 

 ormum libertatis vindices; Gneisenau — consiliis sapientissimis, promp- 

 tissimis, saluberissimis in procliorum discrimine de patria immortaliter 

 meritum, Germanorum libertatis vindicem. 



On February 9, 1815, the anniversary of the war-like action of the 

 students had been celebrated, and on April 7 the King called to arms 

 again. A second hot and bloody summer followed and for a second 

 time Paris surrendered. 



During the Franco-Prussian war of 1870-'71, eight hundred students 

 and professors joined the army, and of this number thirty-eight stu- 

 dents and one private lecturer lost their lives. On August 3, 1875, the 

 rector unveiled a tablet erected to the memory of the brave young men. 



