THE NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS AT I5EULIN. 115 



schaft iiaturforsclKUider Freuiide" at Berliu, too. had its own cabinet 

 of natural curiosities, but all these divisions were gradually transferred 

 to the Botanical Museum. 



The Royal Herbarium i)roi)ev, which did not receive the designation 

 " Koyal Botanical Museum " until 1870, existed since 1818, when the 

 Willdenow collection of plants was purchased for 30,000 mark ($0,000.) 



The collections were at lirst deposited in the rear portion of the build- 

 ings (Dorothecnstrasse 10) belonging- to the Academy, and in 1822 were 

 transferred to a house which had been purchased as a dwelling house for 

 the officials of the garden, but which had been let to the " School for 

 Gardeners." 



In 1824 the herbarium of Inspector Otto was pnn;liased, comprising 

 between fourteen and fifteen thousand species and Leopold von Buchs 

 presented his collection made at the Canary Islands. 



A new feature was now introduced, that of the lending out of collec- 

 tions. Until then they had been used and studied in the building- by 

 but few peo[)le ; now any botanist employed in morphological and floral 

 studies could have the re<iuired material sent him ; thus the herbarium 

 obtained a number of collaborators who voluntarily undertook the 

 determination of species, which resulted in the acquisition of a numbei" of 

 original specimens. Upon the return of a collection the duplicates were 

 divided and emi)loyed in exchange with the leading establishments of 

 London, St. Petersburg, Paris, etc. The budget for the purchase of 

 plants being limited to 720 mark ($180), only collections of the greatest 

 importance could be i)rocured from these means. 



Although the means for running expenses were thus limited, the Gov- 

 ernment provided liberally on extraordinary occasions to secure the 

 acquisition of large and important private collections. 



By such means the Kunth herbarium was obtained, which consisted of: 

 (1) A general collection of about 44,500 species in about 60,000 speci- 

 mens, comprising many duplicates, from the Paris Museum, and about 

 3,000 originals to "Humboldt, Bonpland, and Kunth Nova Genera et 

 Species;" (2) a collection of dried ])lants from the botanical garden at 

 Berlin, comprising 10,300 species; and (3) a collection of woods. The 

 price paid was 24,000 mark ($(),000). 



The Link herbarium purchased in 1852 for 4,500 mark ($1,125) 

 enriched principally the European flora, especially by specimens col- 

 lected by himself in Portugal and Greece. It also increased the collec- 

 tion of fungi. The arrangement of garden plants, too, was of great 

 importance. The entire collection represented 3,113 cryptogams and 

 10,382 phanerogams. 



The von Nees von Eserbeck collection of glumacea; was purchased 

 in 1855 for 2,700 mark ($675). It contained 0,550 species. 



The collection of li(;hens of Major von Flotow was purchased in 1857 

 for 0,000 mark ($1,500). 



