THE NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS AT BERLIN. 141 



litz, Rixdorf, Gross Licliterfelde, Weisseusee, Pankow, Ruiniuelsbur^, 

 Friedenau, and Griiuau. 



The greatest distance of 347 kilometers (215 miles) was accomplished 

 between Berlin and Hanover, and a large number is projected between 

 Berlin and Halle, Breslau, Leipzig, Hamburg, etc. 



The total cost of construction of the telephone service in Berlin to 

 and including the year 1881-'85 has been about 2,000,000 mark ($500,- 

 000). Large amounts are required for the support and changes of 

 lines and for their maintenance and operation. 



Until the beginning of the year 188(> the conduct and supervision of 

 the telephone service was inthe hands of the Central Telegraph Bureau ; 

 the extent and growing demand however made it desirable to establish 

 the service on an independent basis with a rank of an office of the first 

 class. The service, at present employs two hundred and seventy-five 

 regular officials with a corresponding number of subordinates. 



The principal supervision of the erection of buildings for the tele- 

 phonic service and of its administration, belongs to the Imperial Post- 

 Ofifice Department at Berlin, which has established a si)ecial division 

 for the purpose. This is in charge of a councilor of post assisted by a 

 telegrfiph inspector and ten officials for the business aflairs of the bureau. 

 To these, ten officials have been added who are employed in technical 

 affairs, that is, in the preparation of plans and execution of the necessary 

 building and changes in the lines and who have charge of a large number 

 of laborers. And all decisions in telephonic affairs are rendered by this 

 second division of the imperial i)ost-ofifice department. 



The Telegraph Workshop, etc. — The duties of the telegraph apparatus 

 workshop comprise: (1) The manufacture of apparatus and parts of 

 such, as well as of the materials and tools required ; (2) the changes and 

 repairs to existing apparatus ; (3) the making of contracts for the 

 manufactureof ai)paratus and their parts, tools, materials, etc. ; (4) the 

 testing of apparatus, tools, materials, or changes or repairs made at 

 private shops; (5) the examination of the bills; (6) the care and stor 

 age of apparatus and their parts; (7) the transmission of apparatus 

 and their parts ; (8) the sale of condemned material ; (9) the keeping 

 of accounts with regard to tools, ai>paratus, and their parts, materials 

 and equipment ; (10) the keeping of a list of applicants for mechanical 

 positions; (11) the employment of assistant mechanics appointed by 

 the i)Ost-oflfice department. 



Tlie telegraph workshop is therefore <livided into three branches, 

 viz: (rt) the bureau, (b) the mechanical workshop, (e) the carpenter 

 shop and shipping office. 



The bureau gives employment to one official of the first class, and three 

 of the second, while the mechanical workshop employs one official of the 

 first class who supervises the force, consisting of twenty mechanics. 



Each mechanic has a separate and completely equipped place assigned 

 within the shop. 



