PROGRESS OF METEOROLOGY IN 1889. 200 



lin Bay Expedition, made by General A. W. Greely, has been published 

 in two quarto volumes. The tirst volume contains the report of the 

 commanding" officer, and appendices containing detailed reports of spe- 

 cial expeditions and the diaries of Lieutenant Lockwood and Sergeant 

 Brainard ; it is the history of the expedition. The second volume con- 

 tains the main scientific results. The meteorological report and tables 

 of observation occupy 300 pages. The annual mean temperature for 

 three years was — 3o.9 F., the lowest mean temperature known for any 

 place on the globe. The precipitation was a little less than 4 inches a 

 year, and evaporation in winter was found to be inappreciable. Auroras 

 were neither frequent nor brilliant. Storms were not esi)ecially fre- 

 quent or severe. In the winter, calms averaged seventeen hours daily, 

 but during the continuous sunlight, only one hour <laily. The diurnal 

 oscillation of the barometer was less than 0.01 inch. These are a few 

 striking results abstracted from this great store-house of arctic meteo- 

 rology. Separate chapters are given to the astronomical observations 

 for determining geodetic positions, and to the magnetic, tidal, and pen- 

 dulum observations which are specially reported upon by the officers 

 of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. A valuable bibliography of arctic 

 literature is also given as an appendix. 



M. Herve Mangon died in Paris May 15, 1888. In his death agricult- 

 ure and meteorology have lost a most active worker. In 1850 he pub- 

 lished his " Iiltudes sur les Irrigations de la Campine Beige" and the 

 " Travaux Analogues de la Sologne," which brought about important 

 improvements in the French laws in relation to agriculture. Drainage 

 was at that time scarcely known in France ; in 1851 M. Mangon pub- 

 lished a work on the subject which received from the Academy of 

 Sciences the decennial prize for the most useful work on agriculture 

 issued during the previous ten years. Irrigation and the fertilization 

 of land were subjects to which he gav^e prolonged and careful study. 

 These researches were followed by meteorological studies in which he 

 took an active interest; he invented or imi)roved many meteorological 

 instruments and organized on his estate in Normandy a model meteo- 

 rological station provided with the latest scientific improvements; he 

 aided in the re-organization of the French Meteorological Service, and 

 became the president of the meteorological council. He contributed 

 also to the organization of the scientific mission to Cape Horn which 

 obtained a large amount of valuable meteorological data. {Nature, 

 XXXVIII, p. 111.) 



Dr. O. J. Broch, director of the International Bureau of Weights 

 and Measures, died at Sevres, February 5, 1889, at the age of seventy- 

 one. Tlie memoirs on thermometry published by the bureau during 

 his administration have greatly advanced the accurate measurement of 

 temperature. 



Prof. Elias Loomis, the American meteorologist, died at New Haven, 

 H. Mis. 224 14 



