584 SCANDINAVIAN ARCHEOLOGY. 



AmoDg the men who, without being attached to the museum, have 

 contributed to the pre-historic archaeology of Sweden must be mentioned 

 Mr. Wiberg, director of the lyceum of Gefle. From 1861 to 1873, be 

 published several studies uj)on the relations of the ancient peoples of 

 the Mediterranean to the ancient inhabitants of Scandinavia j then 

 upon the influence of the Greeks and Etruscans on the age of bronze 

 in the north of Europe (1869). Moreover, numerous local societies 

 have also displayed great activity and have given proofs of it in their 

 periodicals. Important contributions to archaeological literature have 

 also been furnished by private individuals ; for example, a work on 

 " Les antiquites de Warend (The antiquities Wiirend), a district of south- 

 ern Sweden, by Mr. Wittlock, 1874; then a ceramic monograph on the 

 clay funeral vases found in Sweden by Mr. Strale, 1873. The great 

 illustrated work of Mr. Baltzer, of Gotheborg, on the glyphics upon 

 the rocks of Bohusliin, of the age of bronze, commenced in 1881, is not 

 yet finished. 



The Swedish periodical publications which we have mentioned above, 

 page 320, have been continued in this period ; since the year 1872, the 

 Academy of Antiquities has added to them a new Manadshlad (monthly 

 bulletin) containing less extended memoirs and especially information 

 on recent finds and excavations. In 1873, the Academy also com- 

 menced the publication of a grandly conceived work, Tekningar ur 

 Statens historisTia museum (Illustrations of the National Archaeological 

 Museum). This magnificent work is destined to comprise several vol- 

 umes of figures on the most important series of the museum of Stock- 

 holm. 



In 1874, the International Congress of Anthropology and Archaeology, 

 having held its seventh session at Stockholm, the Messrs. Hildebrand, 

 father and sou, together with Mr. SvenNilsson, did the honors of Swedish 

 archaeology to their most illustrious colleagues from all the countriesof 

 Europe. In 1879, Mr. B. E. Hildebrand, the true founder of the museum 

 of Stockholm, resigned the direction of the museum and his position as 

 antiquary of the kingdom ; he was succeeded by his son, Hans Hilde- 

 brand ; he was still living five years ago. In 1883, Sveu Nilssou also 

 died at Lund, almost a centenarian. 



DENMARK. 



Mr. Worsaae, during all this period, has continued to be the chief of 

 the pre-historic archaeologists there. Among his numerous works we 

 must notice an important memoir which appeared in 1872, in the Aarho- 

 ger on the archaeology of the countries situated to the east of Scandi- 

 navia, a French edition of which appeared in the Memoirs of 1873-'74 

 under this title : La colonisaiion de la Russie et du ^ord scandinave et leur 

 plus ancien etat de civilisation (the settlement of Kussia and of the Scan- 

 dinavian North and their most ancient state of civilization). He demon- 

 strates that the theory of the immigration of the Scandinavian i)eoples 



