PROGRESS OF ANTHROPOLOGY IN 18S!», 611 



words are : (1) Formulated or uon-forinulated ; (2) subjective or objec- 

 tive ; (3) abstract or coucrete ; (4) invariable or with phonetic varia- 

 tions. Section 3. Languages with perfect expression, or languages with 

 purely phonetic expressions, i. Proceeding from the modification of a 

 phonetic (phoneme) radical of the full word antlits principal ai)[)lication 

 {;0 lexicology. Class 1. Languages with subjective phonetic mutation. 

 Class 2. Languages with objective phonetic mutation. Genus 1 : Sys- 

 temofthe Indo-Germanic languages: (a) Umlaut, {b) Ablaut, (c) phonic 

 reduplication. Genus 2 : Systems of Hamitic, Nubian, Celticlanguages. 

 Genus 3: System of Semitic languages. (A) Semitic system, .{a) Use 

 of the system for determination, (h) Use for relation, (c) Use for lexi- 

 cology. (B) System of diverse languages. 2. Proceeding from the accord 

 of a phoneme placed upon another radical. Class 1. Languages with 

 subjective, phonetic accord. Group 1. Languages of the Bantu family. 

 Group 2. Languages of the north Caucasus. Group 3. Indo-Germanic 

 languages. Class 2. Languages with objective, phonetic accord. 

 (A) Re-production upon the dominated word of the dominant word. 

 (a) At the end of the dominated word; {h) at the beginning of the 

 dominated word. (B) lie-production u})on th(i dominated word of the 

 end of the dominant word. 



Title 2 : Total classification, natural and objective, of non-allied lan- 

 guages. 



VI.— TECHNOLOGY. 



In Berlin, close to the Ethnological Museum, is the Kunstgewerbe 

 Museum. It is difficult to say which of these is the more interesting. 

 In the Ethnographic Museum the ruling concept is chorographic, but 

 also ethnic. Each of the vast rooms is designed to cover a portion of 

 the earth's surface which shuts in a recognized body of humanity and 

 of human arts. 



The Kunstgewerbe Museum contains much that is like the ethno- 

 graphic collection, but the reigning concept is technographic. A trade, 

 craft, art, profession is worked out ethnically, nationally, historically. 

 That is, you are called upon to study the natural history of inventions. 



In Oxford, at South Kensington, in Cluny, in Amsterdam, indeed in 

 many European cities, the most interesting collections are thusarranged. 



In the literature of anthroi)ology, a great number of books, papers 

 read before societies, and articles in periodicals, are devoted to the trac- 

 ing out of separate inGustries. It is thus that in the National Museum 

 Mr. Watkins traces the first wheel up to the latest paper car-wheel, or 

 Captain Collins discloses the relation between the bull-boat of the 

 Tigris or the Missouri and our last pojitoon. 



An extremely interesting example of technology coming to the aid of 

 archaeology is Mr. Edward B. Tylor's explanation of the mythical fig- 

 ure holding before the tree of life a cone-shaped object in Assyrian 

 sculptures. This object resembling a fir-cone, the professor thinks, 



