322 NOTES ON HISTORY AND CLIMATE OF NEW MEXICO. 



old church uear by, show that 10 per cent, ia tithes collected from it 

 amonnted to $10,000,000. No mining of any extent has been prosecuted 

 in this mine since 1080. Gold, silver, and coal and turquoise are found 

 near Santa Fe ; and from this country an unusually large and valuable 

 turquoise was sent to the Emperor. 



Pedro de Eeralto was governor in IGOO5 in 1G40 General Arguello 

 was governor and captain-general, resident at Santa Fe as the capital ; 

 General Concha, in 1G50; Henrique de Abila y Pacheco, in 1650; Juan 

 Francisco Junio, in 1675; Antonio de Otermin, in 1680-'83. 



The Indians rebelled first in 1583 and again in 1680, and on the night 

 of the 20th August, 1680, Otermin evacuated the place and marched 

 to El Paso, arriving there October 1. 



In 1681 the viceroy at Mexico dispatched General Otermin from El 

 Paso with an army to recapture the capital ; but after reaching La Ba- 

 jada, 21 miles from Santa F6, he gave up the enterprise, finding the 

 Pueblos concentrated to resist him. In 1692 the viceroy commissioned 

 Diego de Vargas Zapata Lujan Ponce de Leon as governor and captain- 

 general of New Mexico, who fought and overcame the Pueblos Septem- 

 ber 13 of that year and entered into Santa Fe. After the re-establish- 

 ment cf Spanish supremacy he returned to El Paeo, reaching there De- 

 cember 20, 1692, and returned December 16, 1693, to Santa F6, where his 

 occupation and re-entry was disputed, and a battle was fought on Christ- 

 mas-day. The next day he took formal possession of Santa Fe, in the 

 name of King Charles II. 



After the reconquest by the Spaniards, the Pueblos (twelve towns 

 on the Rio Grande or in the vicinity) made their submission and were 

 subject nntil 1837, when they rebelled, on account of a tax on tobacco 

 and other articles laid by Governor Albino Perez. After fighting a 

 battle with the Pueblos at Santa Cruz de la Canada, he was beaten, 

 returned to the suburbs of Santa Fe, where he was overtaken and as- 

 sassinated, August 9, 1837. 



In 1838, Manuel Armijo was recognized as governor, and continued 

 so until the capital was taken possession of, in the name of the United 

 States, by General Stephen W. J. Kearney, U. S. A., August 18, 1816. 

 General Kearney occupied the palace, a building now in existence, and 

 which was erected previous to the year 1581, being built then of mate- 

 rial of the old Indian town, (Cicuye.) Since his time it has been occu- 

 pied successively by Col. John M. Washington, Col. John Monroe and 

 Col. E. V. Sumner, as military governors, until March, 1851, when theex- 

 isting territorial government was initiated. 



The office of the Secretary of State contains several extended docu- 

 ments, in Spanish, upon the history of the conquest, occupation and 

 reconquest of the country. From these and the works written upon 

 New jNIexico by Mr, Elias Brevoort, Gov. W. F. N. Arny, Mr. D. J. 

 Miller, and General Davis, the student may find ample material for 

 interesting inquiry. 



